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Unit 2: Installing a Linux System

Unit 2: Installing a Linux System. Unit objectives Install Fedora Core 2 (we’ll use 6) Describe types of hardware devices and their configuration Obtain the necessary information about hardware and software to install Linux . Topic A: Installing Linux.

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Unit 2: Installing a Linux System

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  1. Unit 2: Installing a Linux System Unit objectives • Install Fedora Core 2 (we’ll use 6) • Describe types of hardware devices and their configuration • Obtain the necessary information about hardware and software to install Linux

  2. Topic A: Installing Linux 1.1 Identify all system hardware required (for example: CPU, memory, drive space, scalability) and check compatibility with Linux Distribution 1.2 Determine appropriate method of installation based on environment (for example: boot disk, CD-ROM, network (HTTP, FTP, NFS, SMB)) 1.3 Install multimedia options (for example: video, sound, codecs) 1.6 Partition according to pre-installation plan using fdisk (for example: boot, /usr, /var, /home, swap, RAID/volume, hot-spare, lvm) 1.7 Configure file systems (for example: (ext2) or (ext3) or REISER) 1.8 Configure a boot manager (for example: LILO, ELILO, GRUB, multiple boot options) 1.11 Select appropriate parameters for Linux installation (for example: language, time zones, keyboard, mouse) 3.1 Configure client network services and settings (for example: settings for TCP/IP)

  3. High Level Activities • Gather Hardware and Software information • Select install method • Create installation media (If needed) • Configure

  4. Installation methods • Network installations • FTP server • Web server • NFS server • Hard disk • CD-ROM • Most common • Bios needs to be set to boot from CD-ROM before HD

  5. Installation procedure • Start installation • Choose language, keyboard, mouse • Specify options • Partition hard disk • Configure boot loader • Configure network and firewall • Choose system language and time • Set root password continued

  6. Installation procedure continued • Select packages • Create user account • Configure video

  7. Beginning the installation

  8. Installation • Graphical is easy • Text can help troubleshoot • If you get hung, F2 and disable hardware probe • More difficult

  9. Language, Keyboard, Mouse • Should auto detect • When in doubt- • 101 key PC keyoard • US English Layout • Generic mouse

  10. Choosing the installation type

  11. Installation Type • Different Installation require different amounts of HD space • Up to 7 GB

  12. HD Partitions • Dangerous to your system • Changing the partitions will erase existing date • Minimum Requirements • Root directory / • Everything installs on top of this • Swap Partition • Virtual memory

  13. Common partitions

  14. Filesystems • Ext2 • Ext3 • Vfat • Xfs • reiserFS

  15. Filesystems • Ext3 and resierFS • Can journal • Faster restore of data

  16. Virtual memory • Supplements physical memory • Slower, but helps out • Should be twice the size of the RAM

  17. Partitioning-Creating Partitions • Can be automatic • Let machine decide • Use defaults unless a special reason • Disk Druid • Graphical Interface • Fdisk • Not used in install, but still there • Text based and complex

  18. Adding a partition

  19. Any Questions?

  20. Configuring the boot loader • Boot loader • Started by the BIOS after POST • Loads Linux into memory • Can also boot other operating systems • LInux LOader (LILO) • GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB)

  21. Where to install Boot loader • Master Boot Record • May conflict with Windows installations • In / or /boot • Plays nicer

  22. Configuring the boot loader, continued

  23. Configuring the network & Firewall • Network • If NIC is detected, install screen appears • Manual or DHCP • Firewall • Generally designed to stop others from connecting to you, not you to others.

  24. Configuring the network

  25. Selecting a time zone

  26. Root password and Authentication • Root is Superuser/Administrator • Full rights to everything • Don’t work as root • REMEMBER PASSWORD

  27. Package Selection • Packages based on the role you selected earlier. • Can add more later.

  28. Selecting packages

  29. Setting date and time

  30. User account • Default by database on local machine • MD5 shadow passwords • Encrypts password and compares encryption results • Can use network • NIS, LDAP, Kerberos, etc.

  31. Creating a user account

  32. Any Questions?

  33. Sample Questions Why would Kernel 2.3.19-2 be an INAPPROPRIATE kernel for a production web server? A. It is a test version of the kernel. B. It is not the most recent kernel available. C. It needs to be upgraded to Kernel 2.3.20 for network support. D. This version of the Linux kernel has a known problem with Apache.

  34. Sample Questions Why would Kernel 2.3.19-2 be an INAPPROPRIATE kernel for a production web server? A. It is a test version of the kernel. B. It is not the most recent kernel available. C. It needs to be upgraded to Kernel 2.3.20 for network support. D. This version of the Linux kernel has a known problem with Apache. Answer: A

  35. Sample Questions A Linux administrator is about to install a Linux server. The server has 256MB of RAM. Which of the following sizes of the swap partition is generally recommended? A. 128MB B. 256MB C. 512MB D. 1024MB

  36. Sample Questions A Linux administrator is about to install a Linux server. The server has 256MB of RAM. Which of the following sizes of the swap partition is generally recommended? A. 128MB B. 256MB C. 512MB D. 1024MB Answer: C

  37. Sample Questions An administrator wants to install Linux onto a computer that does not have a CD-ROM drive. Which of the following is the BEST way to complete the installation? A. Install via TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) from the network. B. Install via FTP from an FTP server. C. Install via NFS (Network File Server) from a Web server. D. Copy the CD-ROM files to the machine using the 3.5" diskette drive.

  38. Sample Questions An administrator wants to install Linux onto a computer that does not have a CD-ROM drive. Which of the following is the BEST way to complete the installation? A. Install via TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) from the network. B. Install via FTP from an FTP server. C. Install via NFS (Network File Server) from a Web server. D. Copy the CD-ROM files to the machine using the 3.5" diskette drive. Answer: B

  39. Sample Questions When a file server is installed, which of the following directories would MOST likely be on a separate partition? A. /usr B. /var C. /home D. /local

  40. Sample Questions When a file server is installed, which of the following directories would MOST likely be on a separate partition? A. /usr B. /var C. /home D. /local Answer: C

  41. Sample Questions Linux will be installed on a new system. Where will LILO be installed? A. In the /boot directory. B. In the /root directory. C. In the master boot record. D. In the /usr/sbin directory.

  42. Sample Questions Linux will be installed on a new system. Where will LILO be installed? A. In the /boot directory. B. In the /root directory. C. In the master boot record. D. In the /usr/sbin directory. Answer: C.

  43. Sample Questions Which if the following is the only required partition when Linux is installed? A. / B. /var C. /etc D. /boot

  44. Sample Questions Which if the following is the only required partition when Linux is installed? A. / B. /var C. /etc D. /boot Answer: A.

  45. Sample Questions A site administrator instructs the technician to install Linux as a secondary OS on an existing workstation. He wants to use the boot loader of the primary OS. When requested where to place LILO, the technician should select which location? A. BIOS B. /etc/disktab C. Master boot record D. Partition superblock

  46. Sample Questions A site administrator instructs the technician to install Linux as a secondary OS on an existing workstation. He wants to use the boot loader of the primary OS. When requested where to place LILO, the technician should select which location? A. BIOS B. /etc/disktab C. Master boot record D. Partition superblock Answer:B

  47. Any Questions?

  48. Topic B: Understanding hardware

  49. Major components of a PC • Central processing unit (CPU) • Physical memory • Disk drive • Mainboard & peripheral components • Video adapter card • Keyboard & mouse

  50. Functions of CPUs • Manipulate data • Perform arithmetical computations • Direct the functions of other hardware devices

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