Life Cycles and Characteristics Arthropods, Amphibians, Reptiles & Mammals

1. Animals Life Cycles and Characteristics Arthropods, Amphibians, Reptiles & Mammals

2. Arthropods • An arthropod is an invertebrate that has an external skeleton, a segmented body, and jointed attachments called appendages. • The major groups of arthropods are crustaceans, arachnids, centipedes, millipedes, and insects. • Most crustaceans begin their lives as microscopic, swimming larvae. • Crustacean larvae develop into adults by metamorphosis, a process in which an animal’s body undergoes dramatic changes in form during its life cycle.

3. Metamorphosis Complete Metamorphosis Egg E Larva L Pupa-cocoon-chrysalis P Adult A Ex fly, moth butterfly Gradual/Incomplete Metamorphosis Egg E Nymph N Nymph (larger) Adult A Ex. grasshopper

4. Amphibians • Draw a table with two columns. • Write “frog” at the top of one column and “tadpole” at the top of the other column. • In the “frog” column, list the characteristics of a frog. • In the “tadpole” column, list the characteristics of a tadpole.

5. Amphibians • Spend part of their life on land and in the water • Born from eggs laid in the water • Breathe through their skin • Skin must be kept damp in order for them to take in oxygen Ex.-frogs, toads, salamanders & newts • First vertebrates to have legs • Most adult amphibians have strong skeletons & muscular limbs adapted for movement on land

6. Amphibians Frog A amphibian is an ectothermic vertebrate that spends its early life in water. Most amphibians spend their adulthood on land, returning to water to reproduce. Metamorphosis Amphibian eggs hatch into larvae that swim and have gills for obtaining oxygen tadpoles. Most adult amphibians have lungs rather than gills and can breathe through their skin and lungs. Frogs develop organs necessary to breathe and move around on land Draw and label the life cycle of a frog Larvae- tadpole Eggs

7. Stages of a Frog Life Cycle Frog Tadpole Part of frog cycle Amphibians Legs Lungs Fins Gills

8. Metamorphosis of a Frog

9. Frogs & ToadsSalamanders & Newts • Hibernation-sleep during the winter • Frogs have smooth, moist skin • Toads have dry skin usually covered with wart like bumps • Metamorphosis • Salamanders & Newts are amphibians with tails and live in moist areas.

10. Reptiles • Work with a partner. List ten animals that lay eggs. • Organize the animals on your list into three categories: reptiles, birds and fish. • Which category has the most animals? Which has the least?

11. Reptiles • Reptiles are ectothermic vertebrates that have lungs & scaly skin. • Cold blooded chordates- lay eggs on land • Live on land & some in or near water • Eggs, skin & kidneys are adapted to conserve water • Snakes & Lizards molt • Internal fertilization • Ex. Snakes, lizards, turtles and alligators

12. Turtles & TortoisesAlligators & Crocodiles • Turtles live in the water and have paddles or”flippers” • Tortoises live on land & have claws • Lay eggs on land • Alligator-broad or wide snout & teeth show when mouth is closed • Crocodile-pointed or narrow snout

13. Birds Characteristics of Birds Birds are Vertebrates are Lay eggs Endothermic have have Four-chamberedhearts Feathers

14. BIRDS • The bodies of birds are adapted for flight. • the bones of a bird’s front limbs form wings. • Many bones in the bird’s body are hollow, which makes the skeleton light.

15. SIX KINGDOMS Today, the system of classification includes six kingdoms: 1.archaebacteria 2. Eubacteria 3. Protists 4. Fungi- obtain nutrients -absorption 5. Plants 6. animals Organisms are placed into kingdoms based on type of cells, ability to make food, & the number of cells in their bodies. The name archaebacteria means “ancient bacteria.”Archaebacteria no picture

16. Mammals • Characteristics of Most Mammals • Have hair or fur • Have mammary glands/Feed young with milk • Give live birth-