Cells!

1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gFuEo2ccTPA -- Introduction (Click here) Cells! Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Bacteria Red Blood Cell

2. The Animal Cell

3. The Plant Cell http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif

4. Prokaryotic Cells • NO NUCLEUS!!! • First cell type on earth • Example: Bacteria!

5. Eukaryotic • Have a NUCLEUS and membrane-bound organelles---include most living things Plant Animal http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html

6. Cells • Smallest living unit • Most are microscopic

7. Principles of Cell Theory 1. All living things are made of cells 2. Smallest living unit of structure and function of all organisms is the cell 3. All cells arise from preexisting cells

8. Discovery of Cells • Robert Hooke (1665)- coined the word “cells” • Observed sliver of cork • Saw “row of empty boxes” • He named these empty boxes CELLS!

9. Cell theory • (1839)Theodor Schwann & Matthias Schleiden “ all (living things) are made of cells” -Schwann (animal); Schleiden (plants) • (50 yrs. later) Rudolf Virchow “all cells come from cells”

10. The Microscope Microbe Man! • Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1674) • Introduced the world to microbes. Observed tiny organisms in pond water. • Made books with sketches and descriptions • Built over 200 microscopes! (Hans and Janssen invented it though in the 1590’s)

11. Cell Membrane Function: controls what goes in and out of the cell. Analogy: like a bouncer at a club because a bouncer controls who can come in. In BOTH plant and animal!!

12. Cytoplasm Function: a jelly-like substance that holds organelles in place Analogy: like a jello fruit cup because the jello holds the fruit in place just like the cytoplasm does for the organelles! In BOTH**

13. Nucleus • Function: controls the cell’s activities • Analogy: like a president because a president controls what goes on in a country. • Both

14. Ribosome Function: Makes proteins Analogy: like Kentucky Fried Chicken because KFC makes protein (chicken)! BBoth

15. Lysosome Function: the cells stomach; breaks down food and cell parts Analogy: like a car crusher because car crushers breaks down cars OR like a stomach Only in Animal Cells

16. Endoplasmic Reticulum Function: moves proteins around the cell • *Rough ER: Has ribosomes on it! • *Smooth ER: No ribosomes. Analogy: it’s like a train because trains move things from place to place or like UPS **In BOTH

17. Golgi Apparatus Function: storing & packing proteins Analogy: like a packer because a packer will pack up your things and store them in a safe place. **In Both

19. Chromosomes • Function: contains genetic DNA that is passed on • Analogy: like a drivers license or social security card because they both carry important information about you! • In Both

20. Mitochondria Function: Provides energy. Powerhouse of the cell!!! Analogy: like a power plant because it gives energy to the rest of the cell. **Both**

21. Choloroplast • Function: takes solar energy ad turns it into chemical energy • Analogy: like a solar panel because a solar panel takes solar energy and turns it into electrical energy. • ONLY IN PLANTS!

22. Cell Wall • Function: supports and protects cell; in plants only • Freely permeable • *Why is the cell wall important? • * Only in plants

23. Vacuole • Function: Store nutrients and water • Analogy: like a water balloon because it can hold water until you need to use it! **In Both but a LARGE vacuole is ONLY in plants Plant CellAnimal Cell

24. Large Vacuole—PLANTS ONLY!

25. Cytoskeleton • Function: Provides shape and support for the cell. It’s the ‘skeleton’. • Analogy: It’s like our skeleton because our skeleton gives us support and shape. ***Both***

26. Flagella / Cilia Cilia on a Paramecium Function: cell movement. *In Animal and prokaryotic cells* Flagella

27. Interactive cells! • http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/insideacell/