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Elements, Compounds, & Mixtures

Elements, Compounds, & Mixtures. ELEMENTS. A pure form of matter consists of only one type of atom 118 elements known to man ( March 2010 ) 94 = naturally occurring 24 = man-made / synthetic Listed on periodic table. Examples Iron Copper. Silver. Gold.

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Elements, Compounds, & Mixtures

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  1. Elements, Compounds, & Mixtures

  2. ELEMENTS

  3. A pure form of matter • consists of only one type of atom • 118 elements known to man (March 2010) 94 = naturally occurring 24 = man-made / synthetic • Listed on periodic table

  4. Examples Iron Copper

  5. Silver

  6. Gold

  7. Hydrogen

  8. Oxygen

  9. Periodic Table • tabular display of elements • Grouped by similar characteristics or properties: groups/families (18) = columns periods (7) = rows • 3 groups: metals, non metals, metalloids

  10. Metals • good conductors of heat & electricity • solid at room temperature • lustrous (shiny) & malleable (can be shaped) • High densities, and melting & boiling points

  11. Nonmetals • Poor conductors of heat & electricity • in solid form, they are dull and brittle • significantly lower densities, and melting & boiling points when compared to metals

  12. Metalloids

  13. Display qualities of both metals & nonmetals • Includes boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te), polonium (Po)

  14. Compounds Water / H2O

  15. Two or more different elements combined, with the atoms held together by chemical bonds • Formed or broken down during chemical reactions (chemical change) • Cannot be separated by physical means

  16. Sodium Chloride (NaCl) Common Table Salt

  17. Water (H2O)

  18. Ammonia (NH3)

  19. ethanol alcohol (C2H5OH)

  20. Mixtures

  21. Two or more elements or compounds that are blended together without combining chemically so that each ingredient substance retains its own chemical properties and makeup

  22. can be separated by physical means

  23. Classifications of Mixtures • Uniformity 1. heterogeneous 2. homogeneous • Composition 1. mixture of elements 2. mixture of compounds 3. mixture of elements & compounds

  24. Uniformity

  25. Heterogeneous Mixture combination of substances in which each substance can easily be identified (hetero= different)

  26. Homogeneous Mixture • combination of substances spread uniformly (homo = same) throughout • substances, therefore, are not easily identified

  27. Homogeneous Mixture

  28. Composition

  29. Mixture of Elements • Substance composed of two or more different elements with atoms that are physically mixed together

  30. Mixture of Compounds • Substance composed of two or more different compoundsphysically mixed together

  31. Salt Water

  32. Mixture of Elements & Compounds • Substance composed of at least one element AND atleast one compound physically mixed together

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