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Grey Literature The Process and Quality Issues. Keith G Jeffery. Agenda. What is Grey Literature Process Quality Grey Literature and OA Grey Literature and CRIS. What is Grey Literature?. That which is not ‘white’
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Grey Literature The Process and Quality Issues Keith G Jeffery
Agenda • What is Grey Literature • Process • Quality • Grey Literature and OA • Grey Literature and CRIS
What is Grey Literature? • That which is not ‘white’ • i.e. that which has not passed through a formal academic review procedure for quality and acceptability • In fact commonly it is • the IP (intellectual property) • the ‘know how’ • Of an organisation • And is thus more valuable than the ‘white’ literature • which ‘gives away’ the IP
PhD Thesis Workshop Reports Or unrefereed conference material Technical reports May be later published as refereed papers Possibly after revision Seminar materials Learning Materials Masters Thesis Technical manuals, instructions Usually version controlled Records of management decisions Policy documents Meeting minutes, agendas Marketing material Usually version controlled Computer software Data not validated independently Art artifacts Popular articles, interviews, presentation Examples
An Example: Internal Report Internal working report Internal review Workshop paper external review informal informal formal formal Annexe text images software data Internal report Published peer- reviewed paper formal formal formal
Example: Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis extract The whitest of the grey? (double review) Published peer- Reviewed paper aggregate
GL Questions (Greynet.org) 1. What is the definition of grey literature? 2. How is grey literature best described? 3. Once grey literature is indexed and referenced, does it cease to be grey? 4. Should grey literature be free to access? 5. Is grey literature subject to a review process? 6. Is the content of commercially published documents superior to grey? 7. Does grey literature constitute a field in information studies? 8. Should the average net-user recognize the term grey literature? 9. What problems currently face grey literature? 10 What is the impact of grey literature?
GL Answers (Greynet.org) • The responses to these questions can be found on • http://www.greynet.org/pages/2
Agenda • What is Grey Literature • Process • Quality • Grey Literature and OA • Grey Literature and CRIS
Grey Process Issues • Is the process documented? • Does it include review? • Internal, informal External, formal • By whom? • With what role? • Is the provenance documented? • Are versions documented?
Agenda • What is Grey Literature • Process • Quality • Grey Literature and OA • Grey Literature and CRIS
Grey Literature Quality • Data (the document or object) • The quality is determined by • Provenance • Review process • (internal, [formal | informal]) • Subsequent reconsideration (annotation)
Grey Literature Metadata Quality • Metadata • The quality of the metadata determines • Recall and relevance in retrieval • Access and rights management
Grey Literature Process Quality • Collected as early as possible in the process by people intimately related to the subject • Quality checked within the process • ISO9001 • Some grey literature critically important for business continuity / risk management
Grey Quality Issues • Is it made available or not (confidentiality)? • Is the provenance documented? • Is the metadata OAI-PMH compliant? • Is the object reviewed? • Internal, informal External, formal • By whom? • With what role?
Agenda • What is Grey Literature • Process • Quality • Grey Literature and OA • Grey Literature and CRIS
GL and OA • Grey Literature is increasingly stored in an institutional OA repository by the organisation where it is generated • Access: metadata must be in standard form and of high quality (minimally OAI-PMH) • Ease of access: recall, relevance • Access restrictions: rights, security • Object quality: measured by hyperlinks from other objects, accesses or downloads
GL and Green OA • Harnad’s ‘green’ OA irrelevant to grey literature • defined as parallel deposit of white literature • So an OA Institutional repository consists of: • ‘Harnad’ green • Grey
Grey OA Issues • Measuring impact of grey • Version management • Access management • Rights management • How to distinguish in the repository grey from green?
Agenda • What is Grey Literature • Process • Quality • Grey Literature and OA • Grey Literature and CRIS
GL and CRIS • CERIF places the grey literature in context • A Result_Publication or Product linked to: • Project, Person, OrganisationalUnit • Event • Facility, equipment • Prize/Award • Which allows the end-user to assess better relevance, quality of grey material • Which allows research managers to measure output of grey material
GL and CRIS • CERIF (together with a repository) solves most of the issues documented previously • By providing a structured, logical context for the grey object • Within the R&D process • Allowing the end-user to determine quality