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The Tutoring Cycle

Learn the 12-step tutoring cycle from Ross MacDonald's "The Master Tutor" guidebook for more effective tutoring. Greet clients, set agendas, provide support, promote independent learning, and plan future sessions.

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The Tutoring Cycle

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  1. The Tutoring Cycle from Ross MacDonald’s The Master Tutor: A Guidebook for More Effective Tutoring

  2. The Tutoring Cycle Greet client and determine purpose of visit • Step I: Beginning • Step II: Middle • Step III: Conclusion Set agenda, tutor, and check for understanding • Greeting and Climate Setting • Identification of Task • Breaking the Task into Parts • Identifying Thought Processes that Underlie the Task Make future plans and bid client farewell • Setting an Agenda for the Session • Addressing the Task • Client Summary of Content • Client Summary of Underlying Process • Confirmation • What Next? • Arranging and Planning the Next Session • Closing and Goodbye Providing Academic Support, Promoting Independent Learning

  3. Step 9: Confirmation Step I: Beginning Step II: Middle Step III: Conclusion • Purpose: Congratulate client on his/her new understanding • Methods: • Reinforce specific accomplishments (not “Good job!” but “Good job improving the flow of the paragraph by adding transitional phrases.”) • Direct comments at the client’s work, not at the client. • Confirmation • What Next? • Arranging and Planning the Next Session • Closing and Goodbye Providing Academic Support, Promoting Independent Learning

  4. Step 10: What Next? Step I: Beginning Step II: Middle Step III: Conclusion • Purpose: Help client connect the tutorial to the progress of the course itself—see “the big picture” • Methods: • Ask client to articulate this connection • “Well, where do you go from here in this course?” • “What will you do next, and how will what we’ve done help you?” • Confirmation • What Next? • Arranging and Planning the Next Session • Closing and Goodbye Providing Academic Support, Promoting Independent Learning

  5. Step 11: Arranging and Planning the Next Session Step I: Beginning Step II: Middle Step III: Conclusion • Purpose: There are three • Take care of scheduling next appointment while client is already here • Promote consistency in tutoring to maximize the client’s gains • Help client anticipate upcoming learning • Methods: • Ask, “What would you like to work on next week?” • Set up a time and date for next appointment • Confirmation • What Next? • Arranging and Planning the Next Session • Closing and Goodbye Providing Academic Support, Promoting Independent Learning

  6. Step 12: Closing and Goodbye Step I: Beginning Step II: Middle Step III: Conclusion • Purpose: End tutorial session on a positive note • Methods: • Sincere goodbye • Thanks to the client (e.g., “Thanks for being so well prepared”) • Positive body language and verbal messages • Confirmation • What Next? • Arranging and Planning the Next Session • Closing and Goodbye Providing Academic Support, Promoting Independent Learning

  7. Steps 9-12: Summary Step I: Beginning Step II: Middle Step III: Conclusion “Evaluating is like perfume; a little goes a long way, and it’s best to apply it in key spots.” • How can too much praise be overwhelming for a client? • How can praising a client’s work rather than the client help promote his/her independence? How can you remember the 12 steps until they become ingrained as habit for you? • Confirmation • What Next? • Arranging and Planning the Next Session • Closing and Goodbye Providing Academic Support, Promoting Independent Learning

  8. Steps 9-12: Summary Step I: Beginning Step II: Middle Step III: Conclusion • How do these steps rely upon your having done Steps 1-8 well? • Greeting and Climate Setting • Identification of Task • Breaking the Task into Parts • Identifying Thought Processes that Underlie the Task • Setting an Agenda for the Session • Addressing the Task • Client Summary of Content • Client Summary of Underlying Process • Confirmation • What Next? • Arranging and Planning the Next Session • Closing and Goodbye Providing Academic Support, Promoting Independent Learning

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