GeoSciML: The logical data model of geological concepts

1. GeoSciML: The logical data model of geological concepts Bruce Simons

2. Co-Authors Eric Boisvert - GSC Boyan Brodaric - GSC Dominique Janjou - BRGM Christian Bellier - BRGM Simon Cox - CSIRO Yuichiro Fusejima - GSJ Bruce R. Johnson - USGS John L. Laxton - BGS Oliver Raymond - GA Steve Richard - AzGS

3. Interoperability in the Geosciences “the ability of software and hardware on different machines from different vendors to share data” • Efficiencies for government • Efficiencies for industry • Benefits for the wider geoscience community

4. Traditional paper map

5. TraditionalPaper Maps • Advantages • Presents lots of information • Readily understood by experts (~0.2%) • Targeted to specific end-users • Disadvantages • Stand-alone product • Hard copy only • Allows only limited analysis • Doesn’t allow data exchange • Single legend • Requires further ‘explanation’

6. Digital Maps

7. Digital Maps • Advantages • Captures most map information • Human readable • Some data exchange capacity • Allows queries and analysis • Disadvantages • Targeted end-user • Single legend • ‘Flat’ data structure • Vendor specific format • No relationships, cross- sections, face notes

8. Structured Digital Data

9. Structured Digital Data • Advantages • Handles all the information • Is well-structured • Allows establishing data exchange standards • Caters for all end-users • Suitable for computer analysis • Machine readable • Disadvantages • Difficult for humans to read • Requires agreed standards

10. IWG • Interoperability Working Group • International Union of Geological Sciences • Commission for the Management and Application of Geoscience Information • International Organization for Standardization • Open Geospatial Consortium Tony Cragg, Subcommittee, 1991

11. Data to GeoSciML Schema mapping GSC GeoSciML Format USGS WMS WFS WMS WFS GeoSciML BGS WMS WFS GeoSciML GA WMS WFS GeoSciML GeoSciML GSV WMS WFS GeoSciML Benefits Canada GSC mapping GeoSciML USA USGS mapping GML Client BGS mapping UK GA mapping Australia GSV mapping Datasources OGC Services

12. interoperability Current ‘World’ GeoSciML ‘World’ Semantic(Data Content) Controlled Vocabularies Few standards Schematic(Data Structure) Organisation specific GeoSciML, O&M Syntax(Data Language) Access, Excel,Proprietary GIS GML, XML Systems(Data Services) Files, DVD, CD WFS, WMS, WCS Interoperability Requirements

13. CompoundMaterial::Rock + consolidationDegree: CGI_Term + lithology: ControlledConcept [1..*] Victoria lithology South Australia Schematic Agreement

14. GeologicUnit + bodyMorphology: [0..*] + compositionCategory: [0..1] + exposureColor: [0..*] + outcropCharacter: [0..*] + rank: [0..1] Lithology 0..* +composition Cardinality CompositionPart + lithology: ControlledConcept [1..*] + material: CompoundMaterial [0..1] + proportion: + role: CompoundMaterial Rock + consolidationDegree: CGI_Term [0..1] + lithology: ControlledConcept[1..*] Schematic Agreement

15. What is GeoSciML? • machine readable GeoScience Markup Language • a Geological Data Model based on real world concepts • represents the complexity of geology • tells users what geological information goes where • developed by the international scientific community • builds on established standards such as GML • uses the ISO ‘feature’ model

16. GML (Geography Markup Language) O&M (Observations & Measurements) GeoSciML (Geoscience Markup Language) XMML Boreholes Links to other Modelling Languages

17. Vocabularies Features Sampling Features GeologicFeatureRelation GM_Object SurveyProcedure SamplingFeatureRelation AnyDefinition GeologicEvent VocabRelation AnyDictionary GeologicFeature MappedFeature SamplingFeature Observation AnyFeature GeologicVocabulary ControlledConcept SpatiallyExtensiveSamplingFeature Specimen SamplingPoint DiscreteCoverageObservation GeologicEntity StratigraphicLexicon Outcrop CV_DiscreteCoverage SamplingCurve WeatheringDescription BoreholeDetails GeologicUnit GeologicUnitPart GeologicStructure CompositionPart Borehole BoreholeCollar PhysicalDescription MetamorphicDescription LithologicUnit ChronostratigraphicUnit DeformationUnit ShearDisplacementStructure Contact Lineation NonDirectionalStructure Foliation Units LithodemicUnit LithostratigraphicUnit Fault DisplacementValue DuctileShearStructure FaultSystem FoldSystem Fold Layering ‘Rocks’ MaterialRelation Structures SeparationValue SlipComponents NetSlipValue ConstituentPart EarthMaterial CGI_GeometricDescriptionValue CGI_Value ParticleGeometryDescription CGI_Range CompoundMaterial Mineral OrganicMaterial CGI_PrimitiveValue CGI_NumericRange CGI_PlanarOrientation CGI_LinearOrientation CGI_TermRange InorganicFluid Rock UnconsolidatedMaterial MaterialFossil CGI_TermValue CGI_NumericValue CGI_Vector Values CGI_Numeric CGI_Term PreservedRemain Organism Cast

18. GeologicEvent eventAge GeologicRelation eventEnvironment [0..*] eventProcess [1..*] relationship GM_Object sourceRole [0..1] preferredAge geologicHistory boundary targetRole [0..1] 0..* 0..1 buffer(Distance) centroid MD_Metadata closure convexHull coordinateDimension 0..1 metadata dimension distance sourceLink GeologicFeatureRelation envelope isCycle 0..* isSimple target feature maximalComplex targetLink 1 mbRegion GeologicFeature representativePoint observationMethod [1..*] transform source purpose specification shape 1 occurrence 0..* MappedFeature GeologicStructure GeologicUnit observationMethod [1..*] positionalAccuracy samplingFrame SpatiallyExtensive SamplingFeature GeologicFeature

19. PhysicalDescription density CompositionPart magneticSusceptibility permeability physicalProperty lithology porosity material ControlledConcept proportion role identifier MetamorphicDescription name metamorphicFacies composition metamorphicGrade classifier peakPressureValue peakTemperatureValue protolithLithology part GeologicUnit GeologicUnitPart metamorphicCharacter bodyMorphology proportion WeatheringDescription compositionCategory role weatheringDegree exposureColor contained Unit weatheringProduct outcropCharacter weatheringProcess weathering Character rank environment ChronostratigraphicUnit LithologicUnit DeformationUnit beddingPattern beddingStyle definedUnit beddingThickness definingAge unitThickness defining Structure LithostratigraphicUnit LithodemicUnit Geologic Structure beddingPattern beddingStyle beddingThickness unitThickness Geologic Unit

20. MaterialRelation ConstituentPart source proportion relationship material role sourceRole target part targetRole EarthMaterial color purpose ParticleGeometryDescription particleGeometry size sorting particleGeometry particleType Mineral Organic Material shape aspectRatio mineralName MetamorphicDescription CompoundMaterial metamorphic Character metamorphicFacies compositionCategory InorganicFluid metamorphicGrade geneticCategory peakPressureValue peakTemperatureValue protolithLithology Organism source Organism Unconsolidated Material Rock fabric consolidationDegree consolidationDegree FabricDescription lithology lithology MaterialFossil fabricType physicalProperty physicalProperty PhysicalDescription density magneticSusceptibility Preserved Remain Cast permeability porosity

21. Lineation Contact NonDirectionalStructure definingElement contactCharacter intensity structureType contactType lineationType boundary Occurrence orientation mineralElement orientation boundedUnitLink DeformationUnit BoundaryRelationship GeologicStructure definedUnit constraints defining Structure {source must be GeologicUnit} {target must be GeologicUnit} DisplacementEvent FoldSystem ShearDisplacement Structure Foliation periodic continuity wavelength definingElement faultSystem Member planeOrientation foliationType foldSystem Member total incremental intensity mineralElement DisplacementValue orientation Fold hangingWallDirection spacing profileType movementSense Fault axialSurfaceOrientation movementType hingeLineOrientation segment geneticModel amplitude hingeLineCurvature DuctileShear Structure hingeShape Separation Value NetSlip Value Layering interLimbAngle limbShape segment span layer Composition symmetry slipComponent higherOrder FoldPart Rock Slip Components consolidationDegree FaultSystem lithology

22. SamplingFeature Relation SurveyProcedure surveyDetails 0..* 0..1 role target 0..* 1..* relatedSamplingFeature SamplingFeature Intention AnyFeature source sampled Feature relatedObservation Observation 0..* SamplingPoint SpatiallyExtensiveSamplingFeature Specimen position DiscreteCoverage Observation Outcrop SamplingCurve result length [0..1] BoreholeCollar CV_DiscreteCoverage shape location collarLocation BoreholeDetails dateOfDrilling driller 0..* drillingMethod borehole inclinationType indexData Borehole nominalDiameter 0..1 operator startPoint

23. Testing the Standard • Testbed 12005 • A borehole demonstrator between UK and France • Testbed 22006 • Six nations delivering geological map data in GeoSciML • Testbed 32008 • Use Case 1 – Show a geological map from multiple sources • Use Case 2 – Return mapped features, sampled features and age and lithology vocabularies • Use Case 3 – User defined query • Use Case 4 – Data import to and export from client applications • Use Case 5 – Establish registry for web, vocabulary and symbology services

24. Uppsala, SV Keyworth, UK Vancouver, CA Ottawa, CA Rome, IT Orleans, FR Reston, VA Tsukaba, JP Portland, OR Available Services? Canberra, AU Melbourne, AU ServiceRequest WFS Request GeoSciMLResponse GeoSciML Testbed3 Accessing GeoSciML data using a web client

25. Interoperability Requirements Summary • availability of appropriate technologies- OGC, ISO, W3C • common data structure • software independence • common data content • commitment to these standards - GGIC, INSPIRE - CGI-IUGS

26. GeoSciML Documentation http://www.geosciml.org Questions?