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Mastering Name Resolution Services in Network Management

Learn to configure, manage, and troubleshoot name resolution services like WINS and DNS in network environments. Explore topics such as NetBIOS, TCP/IP, Group Policy, WINS replication, DNS integration, and more.

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Mastering Name Resolution Services in Network Management

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  1. Network Services Managing Name Resolution

  2. Nội dung • Moving from Workgroups to Domain Environments • TCP/IP for AD Transport, Access, and Support • Using Group Policy to Manage Network Protocols

  3. Introduction to NetBIOS Name Resolution • NetBIOS name • 16-character name • first 15 characters • identify a unique host • 16th character • identifies a service or application running on host such as Workstation or Server service.

  4. Introduction to WINS • Installing WINS • Configuring a WINS Server • WINS Replication • Configuring WINS Replication • Forcing Replication

  5. Install WINS

  6. Install WINS

  7. Exploring WINS & DNS Integration

  8. Exploring WINS & DNS Integration

  9. Examining WINS Replication

  10. Examining WINS Replication

  11. Examining WINS Replication

  12. WINS replication partners

  13. Upgrading a WINS Environment

  14. Upgrading a WINS Environment

  15. Active Directory Global Catalog

  16. Configuring WINS Clients • configure DHCP server to assign IP Address of WINS server to DHCP clients • Open DHCP management console • highlight Server Options in left pane • select Action/ Configure • 044 WINS/NBNS Servers • Specifies IP address of WINS servers available to clients. • 046 WINS/NBT Node Type • Specifies name resolution type. available options include 1 = B-node (broadcast), 2 = P-node (peer), 4 = M-node (mixed), 8 = H-node (hybrid).

  17. Configuring WINS Clients • Windows XP client for WINS • Open Local Area Connection/ Properties. • select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), click Properties. • select Advanced tab and WINS tab. • Click Add, type IP address for WINS server. • Repeat process for additional WINS servers • other configurable options • Enable LMHOSTS Lookup • enables client to use LMHOSTS file • Enable NetBIOS over TCP/IP • uses NetBIOS over TCP/IP and WINS • Disable NetBIOS over TCP/IP • disables NetBIOS over TCP/IP and WINS for LAN • Use NetBIOS Setting from DHCP Server • client obtain WINS information from a DHCP server.

  18. Configuring Static Mappings • Case • clients are unable to dynamically update NetBIOS name with a WINS server •  use static mapping • Open WINS management console, • Rclick Active Registrations, select New Static Mapping. • type in computer name (NetBIOS name) for host. • If required, type in NetBIOS scope. • select type of entry created. • Type in IP address of host.

  19. DNS on a Windows Server 2008 R2

  20. configure role • Expand DNS Server, select DNS server • Select Action/Config DNS Server • Select Create Forward and Reverse Lookup Zones • Select Create a Forward Lookup Zone • Select type of zone • Primary Zone • Type FQDN in Zone Name

  21. select Create a Reverse Lookup Zone • Select Primary Zone • Type in network ID of reverse lookup zone

  22. Creating Resource Records • list of common resource records • Host Address (A) • Maps a DNS name to IP address • Start of Authority (SOA) • Identifies primary DNS server for zone • first resource record in a zone file • Mail Exchanger (MX) • Routes messages to a specified mail exchanger • Pointer (PTR) • map an IP address to a DNS name (reverse lookups). • Alias (CNAME) • another name for name referenced in another record. • Service Locator (SRV) • used to locate domain controllers in Active Directory domain

  23. sample SOA record

  24. Host (A) Records

  25. Service (SRV) Records

  26. Service (SRV) Records

  27. Other DNS Record Types

  28. DNS Zones • a portion of a DNS namespace that is controlled by a particular DNS server or group of servers. • establish boundaries over which a particular server can resolve requests.

  29. Top level domain

  30. Zone Types • Forward Lookup Zones • resolves names to IP addresses and resource information • Reverse Lookup Zones • exact opposite operation as a forward lookup zone.

  31. Zone Types • primary zone • maintains master writable copy of zone in a text file • secondary zone • stores a copy of existing zone in read-only text file. • To create a secondary zone, primary zone must already exist, must specify a master name server • Active Directoryintegrated zone • stores zone information within Active Directory • configured on WS 2008 domain controllers run DNS • Stub zone • only a list of authoritative name servers for a particular zone. • Ensure: DNS servers hosting a parent zone are aware of authoritative DNS servers for its child zones

  32. Stub zone

  33. Create stub zone

  34. Entering stub master servers

  35. Performing Zone Transfers • Copying DNS database from server to another • pulled by secondary servers from primary servers • Primary DNS servers can be configured to notify secondary DNS servers of changes to a zone

  36. Config secondary server to pull zone transfers from a forward lookup zone

  37. create secondary zone & begin zone transfers

  38. Initiating Incremental Zone Transfers asynchronous zone transfer

  39. Recursive and iterative queries

  40. Other DNS Componentss • Time to Live • time (in seconds) that a resolver or name server will keep a cached DNS request before requesting it again from original name server. • modified via SOA record.

  41. Changing TTL

  42. Aging and Scavenging for DNS • scavenging those records removes them from a database after their original owners do not update them • not turned on, by default

  43. Scavenging

  44. Scavenging

  45. forwarder

  46. forwarder

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