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Human Evolution: An Overview

Explore the fascinating journey of human evolution, from our hominoid ancestors to modern humans. Understand the relationship between humans and other primates, the traits that distinguish us, and the key milestones in our evolutionary history.

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Human Evolution: An Overview

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  1. Human Evolution: an overview Dr Jeremy Pritchard

  2. Hominoid: Great apes and humans • Hominid: Closer to us than gorillas and chimps

  3. You Cuz • Humans did not evolve from Apes • You are descended from your mother and father • You are related to your aunt and cousin Dad Mum Aunt Uncle

  4. Common ancestor

  5. Contemporary animals

  6. Contemporary animals Fossils

  7. Organisms with common features are likely to have a more recent common ancestor.

  8. Locomotion

  9. Brachiation: • Grip • Stereo vision

  10. Humerus Femur

  11. 1. Chimpanzee 2. Australopithecus africanus 3. Homo erectus 4. Homo sapiens

  12. Brain size

  13. Primate Characteristics/Trends • Brains larger than other animals

  14. Brains larger than other animals in relation to body size Log brain weight (g) • Brains larger than other animals Log body weight (g)

  15. Information from the skeleton • sex • age • stature • race/species • pathological conditions • skeletal trauma

  16. Trauma

  17. Trauma

  18. Trauma

  19. Trauma

  20. Proconsul

  21. Sahelanthropus tchadensis • close to the common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees @ 7 million years

  22. Australopithecus afarensis Lucy, discovered in Ethiopia in 1974.

  23. Australopithecus africanus Southern Ape of Africa

  24. Don’t run before you can walk

  25. Homo habilis (ca. 2.5-1.6 mya)

  26. Homo erectus (1.6 mya-300 kya)

  27. Homo neanderthal Homo sapiens Homo erectus Homo habilis Australopithicus africanus ramapithicus

  28. Neanderthals (ca. 100-32 kya)

  29. Neanderthals (ca. 100-32 kya) • Restricted to Europe, eastern Middle East during Ice Age • Evolved to be cold-adapted: • Short and stocky • Large nose (for warming air) • Barrel chest (for warming air) • Long, low, thick skull but with large Brain

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