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Latin America

Latin America. 1800’s . European colonial power in region declines Spanish and Portuguese empires in decline Independence movements increase throughout area 20 new countries formed Set up constitutions like U.S. Overall a failure Civil war, dictatorships and revolts

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Latin America

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  1. Latin America

  2. 1800’s • European colonial power in region declines • Spanish and Portuguese empires in decline • Independence movements increase throughout area • 20 new countries formed • Set up constitutions like U.S. • Overall a failure • Civil war, dictatorships and revolts • Democratic movement fails • Why?

  3. Lingering problems • New nations had no change in political and social hierarchy • Criollos replaced peninsulares as ruling class • Catholic church still holds land and privilege • Constitutions guaranteed equality but…. • For most quality of life did not increase • Voting rights limited • Small groups held most land and $$

  4. Due to colonial legacy no national unity Regionalism weakened nationalism Caudillos recruited locals and formed armies to resist central governments Power struggles among caudillos and governments led to frequent revolts Ruling elite split Conservatives Traditional social order, press censorship, Church supported Liberals Laissez-faire, religious toleration, freedom of the press, greater access to education Searching for Stability

  5. México struggle for stability • 1845 Texas annexed by U.S. • U.s. Mexican war • U.S. invades Mexico • Mexico loses half its territory to U.S. • Defeat triggers a revolution in Mexico • Santa Anna’s days are numbered

  6. Benito Juarez • Liberal leader ushered in era of reform known as La Reforma • Revised Mexican constitution • Stripped millitary of power • Stripped Church of power as well • Conservative reaction??

  7. Conservative response • Resist La reforma and begin Civil war • Juarez elected president 1861 • Conservatives ask Europe for help • 1863 French send troops • Austrian Archduke Maximillian made emperor • 4 years war rages on • France removes troops • Maximillian captured and killed • 1867 Juarez returns to power • Reforms still opposed • Still helped bring mestizos into politics and separated church from state

  8. Porfirio Diaz • Hero of war against French • Stages coup after Juarez dies • Gains full power • 1876 makes himself dictator

  9. “Order and Progress” • Army, police, central government strengthened • Opposition crushed • Under his rule Mexico increased in some ways • Under his rule Mexico was weakened • Tell me how turn to page 441

  10. Pros Cons

  11. Railroads built Foreign trade increased Industry developed Mining expanded Central power strengthened Industry capital from feigners Special rights granted to them Wealthy landowners purchased indian land Peonage system Child mortality increased Child literacy low Children working 12 hous Pro or con?? Pros Cons

  12. Peonage

  13. BLAST FROM THE PAST DO NOW!!!!! • What were 3 ways the Meiji reformed Japan?

  14. Monroe Doctrine 1823

  15. Monroe Doctrine

  16. U.S. Influence • Monroe Doctrine-1823 • “The American Continents, are not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers.” • Supported by Britain • Why?

  17. What do you see?

  18. Pres. Mckinleys suit

  19. U.S. Expansion • Result of war with mexico • Cali,ariz,newmex,Nev,Ut,col • Cuba • Freed after Spanish American War • But………….. • 1901 Platt amendment to the constitution

  20. U.S. Interference • American Investments increase in 1900’s • Investment needs protection • Roosevelt Corollary added to Monroe Doctrine • right of the United States to intervene to "stabilize" the economic affairs of small states in the Caribbean and Central America if they were unable to pay their international debts. • What was alternative? • Dominican Republic

  21. T.R. corollary

  22. Dollar Diplomacy • American Company’s invest constant flow of $ into Latin America • goal of diplomacy was to create stability and order abroad that would best promote American commercial interests • But with $$ comes………..

  23. Panama Canal

  24. How to dig a canal • U.S Had wanted to build a canal for awhile • Panama belonged to Columbia • What to do • Back Panama independence revolt in Columbia • 2 weeks after independence Hay-BunauVarilla Treaty signed • Allowed Panama Canal to be built. • Phillipe Bunau-Varilla negotiates treaty with John Hay. Varilla is French, issue????? Decreased trip from NYC to San Fran by 6,000 miles

  25. Test Review aka Homework • Page 448 • 1-14 and 18 • Due Thursday

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