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Heteroptera: True Bugs

Heteroptera: True Bugs. 7 infraorders 85 families 40,000 described species. Miridae: Plant Bugs. 1,300 valid genera 10,000 valid species mostly phytophagous and host specific. PBI Target Taxa: Orthotylinae & Phylinae. Monophyletic; worldwide. 486 described genera 90 new genera

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Heteroptera: True Bugs

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  1. Heteroptera: True Bugs • 7 infraorders • 85 families • 40,000 described species

  2. Miridae: Plant Bugs • 1,300 valid genera • 10,000 valid species • mostly phytophagous and host specific

  3. PBI Target Taxa:Orthotylinae & Phylinae Monophyletic; worldwide • 486 described genera • 90 new genera • 3905 described species • 1200 new species

  4. Exemplar Orthotylinae & Phylinae

  5. Species Accumulation Curves

  6. Plant Bug PBIIndividual Participants • 4 senior scientists • 4 postdoctoral trainees • 2 doctoral trainees • 2 research assistants • 3 undergraduate trainees • IT support staff

  7. PBI Database Goals • 650,000 total specimens • 100,000 specimens from 15 PBI-supported field trips • 3500 host plant specimens

  8. Acquisition of Collections

  9. Appeal for Specimens • To improve taxonomic coverage • To improve geographic coverage • To improve host documentation • Please contact me during the conference or via email at: schuh@amnh.org

  10. Australian Miridae:changes from 1995--2004 • 210 described species: +10% • 1,500 predicted spp.: +750% • 1,400 recorded hosts: +4000% • 75,000 specimens: +300 %

  11. South African Collecting and museum visits, October 2004 • ~15,000 specimens: + 700% • ~250 species: + 150% • ~200 new hosts: + 300%

  12. Processing of Collections • Insects • Mounting & labeling centralized in AMNH New York • Rough sorting centralized in AMNH • Host plants • Vouchers identified by specialists • Vouchers deposited in recognized herbaria

  13. Processing of Collections • Management of Taxonomic activities distributed by group • Phylinae: American Museum • Orthotylinae: Australian Museum

  14. Creating Specimen Database • Software Choices • Use off the shelf product • Develop specialized application • Platform Approaches • Browser-based data entry • Open source programs • – MySQL Database Engine

  15. Specimen Database Concept • Browser based • Data entry on local machines • Upload to web server • Minimize fields • Maximize efficiency • Multiple Modes • Museum Mode • Field Mode

  16. Field Mode: Locality Data

  17. Field Mode: Host Data

  18. Georeferencing • GEOLocate • Stand alone program • Easy to use • Individual & batch processing • Manual correction capability • Limitations • – parsing of locality names • – still under development • http://www.museum.tulane.edu/geolocate/default.aspx

  19. Unique Specimen Identification • Is it necessary? • Machine readability • Bar codes • Matrix codes • Alpha-numeric readability

  20. Web Presentation of Taxonomic Information

  21. Summary - Hurdles • Tracking progress of specimen processing • Management of host identification and vouchering • Coordination of data entry and unique specimen identification • Effective and efficient geocoding

  22. Summary - Accomplishments • 20 % increase in total specimens • 20 % increase in known diversity • increase in geographic coverage • dramatic increase in host- documented specimens • dramatic increase in host vouchers

  23. Acknowledgements • Sheridan Hewson-Smith • Steve Thurston • Other PBI project participants & collaborators • National Science Foundation • American Museum of Natural History • Australian Museum

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