Earth’s Atmosphere

1. Earth’s Atmosphere

2. Warm Up • Is air a gas, liquid or solid? How do you know? • What does air do when it gets warmer? Colder? • Why does hot air rise and cold air sink?

3. Think About it…. You have lived in air all your life. Write 5 facts about air that you already know. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

4. Balloon of Air Observations: stretchy balloon, has a little bit of air in it Data: Mass of balloon empty ______ g Mass of balloon with air _______g Inference: Air is matter. It has mass and volume.

5. Cardboard Bottom Observations: Empty clear cup filled with water, covered with cardboard and inverted Data: water remained in the cup Inference: Air exerts pressure in all directions, even up

6. Spool in Cup Observations: Beaker with water and a cork on surface, cup inverted and lowered into water Data: level of water in cup lower than beaker Inference: air takes up space and cannot occupy the same space as other matter

7. 2 Liter Bottom Observations: Warm water poured into a two-liter bottle and bottle closed and set in ice Data: bottle began to collapse Inference: Air pressure was lower inside the bottle than outside

8. Air Notes 1. Air is composed of gases that are invisible. • Air exerts pressure (pushes) in all directions. • Air has mass. • Air takes up space. (Other matter cannot share the same space) • Warm air expands, cool air contracts.

9. Candle Demo Warm Up • What happened in the candle demonstration? • What did this demonstration tell you about air? • What made the water move up into the flask?

10. Warm Up • Define atmosphere. • What does the word altitude mean?

11. Gases in Our Atmosphere Nitrogen - 78% - inert (not active) gas, dilutes the amount of oxygen Oxygen - 21% - produced by plants, used in breathing, very active in rusting and burning reactions Argon - 0.93% - inert gas, made from volcanic eruptions

12. Gases in Our Atmosphere, cont… Carbon Dioxide - 0.03% - used in photosynthesis, created in breathing, greenhouse gas Water Vapor - varies between 0 - 5 % - clouds, precipitation, greenhouse gas Methane - trace amounts - greenhouse gas, produced in decay

13. One more… • Ozone - trace amounts, absorbs ultraviolet light, mostly found in the ozone layer

14. The Greenhouse Effect Group 1 Turn to page 456 and read about the greenhouse effect. • Explain what the greenhouse effect is. • Explain whether it is a good or bad thing. Group 2 Read the “Greenhouse Effect” article. • List some gases that are considered “greenhouse” gases. • What would the Earth be like without the Greenhouse Effect? • What is the “enhanced greenhouse effect?”

15. Warm Up Name the layer of the atmosphere… • That we live in. • Which contains the ozone layer. • Which is the least dense. • Which has the highest pressure. • Which is the coldest.

16. Warm Up • What is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere? • As altitude increases, what happens to air pressure? Why? • Name two greenhouse gases.

17. Get Ready…. • Copy your homework. • Take out a piece of looseleaf paper and a pencil. • Clear everything else off of your desk. • Put your 6th grade heading on the paper. • Title the paper “Practice Quiz."

18. Practice Quiz • As altitude increases, ____________ decreases. • The Earth’s atmosphere is held around the Earth by ____________. • Which gas protects us from harmful ultraviolet radiation? • In which layer does weather occur? • Which layer has the coldest temperatures? • Which layer is the least dense?

19. Practice Quiz, cont… • If there is a fire on a lab station, you should use the ________ _________. • If you have a chemical splash in your eyes, you should rinse for ____ minutes. • Name the greenhouse gas that forms clouds. • Name the most plentiful gas in the atmosphere.