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Open Channel Flow

Open Channel Flow. Closed pipe Pump or fan driving force No free surface Open channel Gravity driving force Free surface. Open channel. Irrigation Storm water collection Waste treatment Transport. Open channel. Prismatic channel Hydraulic radius R h = flow area/wetted perimeter

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Open Channel Flow

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  1. Open Channel Flow • Closed pipe • Pump or fan driving force • No free surface • Open channel • Gravity driving force • Free surface

  2. Open channel • Irrigation • Storm water collection • Waste treatment • Transport

  3. Open channel • Prismatic channel • Hydraulic radius • Rh = flow area/wetted perimeter • Optimize for greatest flow at smallest wetted perimeter

  4. Open channel • Flow determination • Empirical • Manning Equation • Weirs

  5. Manning equation • USCS: cfs • Q = (1.49/n)A Rh2/3So1/2 • Manning coefficient: n depends on channel surface smoothness

  6. Weirs • Obstruction in flow channel • Sharp-crested weirs • Rectangular • V-notch

  7. Open Channel Lab • All data in USCS • Obtain measurements for slope calculations

  8. Part 1 • Flow valve wide open; allow flow to stabilize • Record flow meter value • Record dimensions for Manning equation • Install rectangular weir; obtain dimensions • Install v-notch weir; obtain dimensions

  9. Part 2 • Adjust flow valve to reduce flow to about 50% of flow in Part 1 • Repeat all measurements

  10. Report • Data: dimensions and flow meter readings • Results: calculated flows from Manning Equation and two weirs • Conclusions: compare flow meter readings with those obtained from empirical equations

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