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Elements of Prose

Elements of Prose. a.k.a.- The parts of a story. Prose. There are 2 types of writing: prose - anything that is NOT poetry or plays poetry Prose is divided into 2 categories : short story novel. Short Story. Definition: Fictional story that can be read in one sitting.

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Elements of Prose

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  1. Elements of Prose a.k.a.- The parts of a story

  2. Prose • There are 2 types of writing: • prose- anything that is NOT poetry or plays • poetry • Prose is divided into 2 categories: • short story • novel

  3. Short Story • Definition: Fictional story that can be read in one sitting. • Example: “A Rose for Emily,” “The Cask of Amontillado,” or “The Most Dangerous Game”

  4. Novel • Definition: A long prose narrative that must be read in many sittings. • Example: To Kill a Mockingbird, The Scarlet Letter, or The Great Gatsby

  5. Elements of Prose • Plot • Character • Setting • Point of View • Theme • Irony • Symbol

  6. Plot • The “framework” or “skeleton” of the story; • A series of related events that are linked together

  7. What Makes Up Plot? • Basic Situation (Exposition) • Tells the audience who the characters are and introduces the conflict • Example: “Every Who Down in Who-villeLiked Christmas a lot...”

  8. What Makes Up Plot? • “But the Grinch,Who lived just North of Who-ville,Did NOT! • The Grinch hated Christmas! The whole Christmas season!Now, please don't ask why. No one quite knows the reason. 2.Rising Action - Complications that arise when the characters take steps to resolve their conflicts

  9. What Makes Up Plot? Example: “And the Grinch, with his grinch-feet ice-cold in the snow,Stood puzzling and puzzling: "How could it be so?It came without ribbons! It came without tags!"It came without packages, boxes or bags!"And he puzzled three hours, `till his puzzler was sore.Then the Grinch thought of something he hadn't before!"Maybe Christmas," he thought, "doesn't come from a store."Maybe Christmas...perhaps...means a little bit more!" • Climax: Most exciting or suspenseful moment when something happens to determine the outcome of the conflict.

  10. What Makes Up Plot? • Example: • Falling Action: The conflict is in the process of being resolved or “unraveled And what happened then...?Well...in Who-ville they sayThat the Grinch's small heartGrew three sizes that day!

  11. What Makes Up Plot? • Resolution: (Denouement) or “Untying the knot” • When the story’s problem/conflict is resolved and the story ends • Endings may be happy or tragic Example: “He whizzed with his load through the bright morning lightAnd he brought back the toys! And the food for the feast!And he......HE HIMSELF...!The Grinch carved the roast beast!”

  12. Character: Revealing Human Nature • Character- A person or being in a story that performs the action of the plot. • Characterization: The process of revealing the personality of a character in a story.

  13. Types of Characters • Dynamic Character: The character changes as a result of the action of the story. • Example- Ebenezer Scrooge, the Grinch • Static Character: The character does not change much in the course of the story. • Example- Brutus (Julius Caesar); • Mama Younger (A Raisin in the Sun)

  14. Types of Characters • Protagonist: The main character of the story. • Can be good or evil • Antagonist: The character or force that comes into conflict with the protagonist • Can be another person, an animal, a force of nature, society, the character’s own conscience, etc.

  15. Setting • Defintion: The time and location in which the story takes place

  16. Theme • Definition: The insight about human life that is revealed in a literary work. The “golden thread” woven throughout the story. -The theme is what the author is saying through the story (it’s a deeper truth about reality) - The plot how he says it : it is the story he uses to get this point across

  17. Point of View • Definition: The direction from which the writer has chosen to tell the story

  18. There are 3 Points of View • First Person: One of the characters tells the story; talks directly to the reader • Uses the pronoun “I,” “me,” “we,” or “us” • Third Person Limited: The narrator will focus on the thoughts & feelings of just one character - Reader experiences the events of the story through the memory and senses of only one character

  19. There are 3 Points of View • Third-Person Omniscient- “All-knowing” - An all-knowing narrator who refers to all the characters as “he” and “she.” Knows the thoughts and feelings of ALL of the characters. *The narrator is not necessarily the story’s author*

  20. Irony • Definition: An “unexpected twist” in a story

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