1 / 25

Look at the spread of human chromosomes (Called Karyotype):

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. Y. 19. 20. 21. 22. X. 7. Look at the spread of human chromosomes (Called Karyotype): List at least three facts that you can observe. Why do the chromosomes come in pairs?.

robyn
Download Presentation

Look at the spread of human chromosomes (Called Karyotype):

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Y 19 20 21 22 X 7

  2. Look at the spread of human chromosomes (Called Karyotype): • List at least three facts that you can observe. • Why do the chromosomes come in pairs?

  3. The microscopicimage of the chromosomes can be re-arranged, . So that the chromosomes are paired up by size, shape, and pattern of bands.

  4. In humans… There are 46 chromosomes, or 22 pairs of autosomes, PLUS 2 sex chromosomes: XX or XY. Boy or girl?

  5. Diploid human Homologous Sister chromatids

  6. Homologous chromosomes: • - Same type of chromosome • - Look identical but carrydifferent information. • Each came from a different parent. • Sister Chromatids: • Duplicate chromosomes that are still connected.

  7. Diploid vs. Haploid cells: (‘Half’) 2 sets of chromosomes 1 set of chromosomes “2N” (human 2N=46) “N” (human N=23) Gametes (egg&sperm) (Germ cells) Body Cells, Zygote

  8. Apply: Write the diploid and haploid numbers for the following organisms: 46 23 8 4 78 39 18 9 36 18 254 127

  9. Which of the following has, on average, larger cells – a sequoia tree, or a daisy plant? An elephant or an ant? Explain your answer.

  10. Describe what is happening in the video clip. • What could be the purpose of this process? At least 2 ideas.

  11. Altogether, cells divide in order to: A. Enable growth while cells are kept small. B. Replace old/damaged cells. C. For A-sexual Reproduction.

  12. When new cells are made, the existing cells divide. Mitosis: the symmetrical movement of the duplicated chromosomes to the two daughter cells. Products: Two diploid cells that are identical to the original cell.

  13. Mitosis 4 to 8 cells Mitosis is Action (Animal) Mitosis HeLa Cells Root Growing Mitosis - Lily We will demonstrate mitosis using yarn pieces as chromosomes.

  14. Mitosis Animation

  15. STEPS of Mitosis: Yarn Simulation Parts of the kit: Raise two chromosomes that are: A. Homologous to one another. B. Sister Chromatids C. Choose the correct sheet. Process: Follow the process with your yarn pieces. Draw, Label, Describe.

  16. * Bats have 72 chromosomes in all of their body cells. • * The first cell of the organism is made by joining egg and sperm. • How many chromosomes in a bat egg or a sperm cell? Explain. • Can cell division by mitosis (duplication of cells) produce egg or sperm? Explain.

  17. ? ? Gametes HUMANS! 46 Zygote

  18. 23 23 Gametes HUMANS! 46 Zygote

  19. ? ? Gametes BATS! 72 Zygote

  20. 36 36 Gametes BATS! 72 Zygote

  21. Mitosis: 1 Diploid to 2 Diploids: 2N DNA replication 4N 2N 2N Tetraploid Meiosis: 1 Diploid to 4 Haploids: DNA replication 1N 1N 4N 2N 1N 1N

  22. Purpose: Make more identical diploid cells. Mitosis: Mitosis animation Meiosis: a.Reduce chromosome number by half b. Create genetic diversity Meiosis Animation animation

  23. Yarn Kit: Meiosis (finally..) Using the four colors Show the split-split process. What do you get? Drawing of mitosis and meiosis

More Related