Our 1 sT perspective Humanistic Psychology (Working towards this perspective’s p1; p2; p3 )

1. Our 1sT perspectiveHumanistic Psychology(Working towards this perspective’s p1; p2; p3) Gemma Craddock gcraddock@halesowen.ac.uk

2. Gemma’s PP Colour Coding • All text in BLACK relates to P1 • All text in BLUE relates to P2 • All text in RED relates to P3 • All text in PURPLE relates to P2 & P3

3. What have I got to know? • Explain Maslow’s hierarchy of needs • Explain Roger’s self concept and self esteem • How does this apply to health care practice? • How does this apply to social care practice?

4. Introduction • Humanistic psychology looks at the “individual” perspective. • It focuses on “freewill” and the idea that as human beings we “make choices”. • There are TWO key theorists that we need to focus on- Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers.

5. Abraham Maslow • Argued that all humans wanted to be the best they can possibly be • Self-actualization- the idea that all humans possess the tendency to become the best they can intellectually, socially and emotionally. • What else can you tell me?...

6. Abraham Maslow- A Biography (Homework Activity) • When was Maslow born? • Is he still alive? • Where did he live? • Where did he work? • Why is he important in Psychology?

7. Maslow’s- Hierarchy of Needs

8. Level 1- Biological and Physiological Needs • Basic needs which must be satisfied e.g. hunger and thirst • Until these needs are met we cannot progress further.

9. Level 2- Safety Needs • The need to feel the world is organised and predictable • We need to feel safe, secure and stable

10. Level 3- Belongingness and Love Needs • The need to love and to be loved, to belong and be accepted • The need to avoid loneliness and alienation

11. Level 4- Esteem Needs • Need for self-esteem, achievement, competence and independence • The need for recognition and respect from others

12. Level 5- Self-actualisation • The need to live up to one’s fullest and unique potential

13. P1 Writing Frame Humanistic Psychology P1: The theory of the humanistic perspective Maslow Using the hierarchy below please explain each stage

14. Carl Rogers (1902-1987) • Rogers was interested in how the evaluations we receive from other people influence our self-concept and development

15. Self- Concept • This is how we see ourselves • This is influenced by parents, teachers, and friends • Self-concept can be positive or negative

16. Self-Esteem • How we feel about ourselves • Do we feel valuable? • Rogers believed our self-concept and self esteem will influence the way we behave

17. Self Actualisation • Rogers’ theory is particularly simple -elegant even! As Rogers’ entire theory is built on a single “force of life” he calls this the actualizing tendency. • This self actualisation is different to Maslow’s.

18. P1 Writing Frame Humanistic Psychology P1: The theory of the humanistic perspective Rogers • Explain self-concept • Explain self- esteem • Explain what Rogers means by self- actualisation

19. Application to Health and Social Care Each perspective’s P2 and P3 for this unit will involve you exploring both a health and a social care based case study and applying the perspective to each case study to demonstrate your understanding.

20. In health and social care we often follow these humanistic principles: Unconditional Positive Regard: A non-judgemental way of being with and viewing a client. The therapist does not like or approve of the client at some times and disapprove of them at others; they value the client in a positive way with no conditions attached. Active listening: Involves a focussed approach. Listen sensitively to the meanings and emotions behind the others words. Attention is also paid to body language and facial expressions. Listener suspends all judgement and does not intervene unless to check understanding. Respecting others and adopting a non-judgemental approach: Giving others our regard and treating them how we would like to be treated. Avoiding making judgements on a persons situation, thoughts or emotions.

21. Applying Humanistic Psychology to Health Care Practice (P2) P2 Scenario Although a bright, sociable 17 year old, Anna has recently struggled at college and underperformed in her summer AS exams. Over the past few months she has become very withdrawn, her friendships have become strained, and she is alienating herself from her boyfriend and has lost significant weight. Anna was a plump child when she was very young so her family affectionately refer to her as ‘squidge’. Anna is often compared to her younger sister, and within the family it is joked, “Anna got the brains and Rhiann got the looks”. Rhiann is a gymnastic and is praised for her dedication and self-control. Anna has just been diagnosed with anorexia.

22. Applying Humanistic Psychology to Health Care Practice (P2) Your Task: Anna has been assigned to a counsellor to help her overcome her anorexia. Using the Humanistic principles (e.g. empathy, understanding, respect, active listening and a non-judgemental approach), explain how a counsellor could explain Anna’s behaviour, and how Anna’s parents and a counsellor can help her to recover.

23. Applying Humanistic Psychology to Social Care Practice (P3) P3 scenario Peter is 7 years old and in his fourth foster care home. He was removed from his biological parents just over a year ago due to severe neglect. Peter is very withdrawn and refusing to go to school because he is ‘too stupid’ and will ‘never be any good’. Peter is also displaying hoarding behaviour and refuses to unpack his belongings; he becomes very agitated when anyone touches his things. His new foster parents are becoming increasingly worried and describe him as a very ‘sad child’ and he shys away from any affection

24. Applying Humanistic Psychology to Social Care Practice (P3) Your Task: A new social worker has been assigned to Peter- using the Humanistic principles (e.g. empathy, understanding, respect, active listening and a non-judgemental approach), explain how a social worker could explain Peter’s behaviour, and how Peter’s social worker and foster parents could help Peter.