Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

1. Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title:LnL Communications: Device Pairing Technology for Generation Z Date Submitted: 13 January, 2014 Source:Young-Hoon Kim, Byung-Jae Kwak, Seung Chan Bang, Soochang Kim, Seon-Ae Kim, Moon-Sik Lee, Jae-Ho Lee, Hyung-Seok Lee, CheolRyu (Affiliation: ETRI, Korea) Address: 218 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-700, Korea Voice: +82-42-860-1237, FAX: +82-42-860-6732, E-Mail: yhkim23@etri.re.kr, bjkwak@etri.re.kr Re:[] Abstract:D2D Communications is one of the key technologies of the future wireless communications. This contribution introduces LnL (Look-and-Link) Communications, a novel device pairing technology for D2D communications. LnL Communications aims to bring convenience to the users of D2D Communications. Purpose:Discussion Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15. Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI

2. LnL Communications: Device Pairing Technology for Generation Z Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI

3. Contents Introduction D2D Communications LnL Communications LnL Communications: Demo Discussion Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI

4. Introduction • LnL Communications • Stands for: Look-and-Link Communications • Device pairing technology • Goal: Bring convenience to D2D Communications • Features • Intuitive device pairing • You see a peer you want to communicate with • You point your device at the peer, and tap the screen • A link between you and the peer is established • You do not need to know the Peer ID • Link establishment in a few seconds (as opposed to almost a minute with Bluetooth) Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI

5. D2D Communications (●○) • One of the key technologies of the future wireless communications • Rise of D2D Communications • Advent of powerful mobile devices (e.g., smart phone, tablet PC) • Explosive growth of demand for high quality multimedia services • Saturation of core-network • Ex: FlashLinQ, Wi-Fi Direct, PAC, LTE-Direct Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI

6. D2D Communications (●●) • Applications • Advertising, ticketing • Productivity: meeting, printing, etc. • Proximity based social networking • Public service, emergency • Two Key Requirements for D2D • Efficient device/service discovery & pairing • Devices communicate with each other instead of with BS or AP • Service discovery before association • Essential feature for D2D Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI

7. LnLCommunications (●○○○○○○○○○) ID ? • Prior art of device pairing (1/2) • Users must know the ID of the peer device (IP address, hardware address, device nickname, etc) • Cannot connect if you don’t know the ID, even when it is right before your eyes Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI

8. LnLCommunications (●●○○○○○○○○) • Prior art of device pairing (2/2) • User intervention: Requires users to shift through non-intuitive addresses/names • Discovery time can be critical from user experience point of view Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI

9. LnLCommunications (●●●○○○○○○○) “Pointing” is the preferred mobile interaction technique [2] Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI

10. LnLCommunications (●●●●○○○○○○) • Pointing, Scanning, and Touching Complement One Another • Device pairing in visible range • The peer is usually in close proximity • The ID/name of the peer may not be known • The (relative) location of the peer is the ID • Pointing (LnL Communications) or touching (NFC) • Device pairing with invisible devices • Probably the ID/name of the peer is known • Use the conventional scan-and-select device pairing Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI

11. LnLCommunications (●●●●●○○○○○) Device discovery & pairing technology in visible range Pointing, scanning, and touching can complement one another Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI

12. LnLCommunications (●●●●●●○○○○) • Components of LnL Communications • Spatial Filtering (pointing) • Query/response • Image processing (optional) • Data link: Wi-Fi, LTE, PAC, etc Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI

13. LnLCommunications (●●●●●●●○○○) Discovery without spatial filtering Discovery with spatial filtering • Benefit of Spatial Filtering • Minimize signaling overhead • Minimize interference • Faster discovery • Improved user experience • Intuitive operation • Minimal user intervention • H/W Requirement • Transmitter: array antenna • Receiver: single antenna Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI

14. LnLCommunications (●●●●●●●●○○) Assuming free-space path-loss Device A & B: same received power • Conventional BeamformingTechnology does not work • Side lobe • Angular resolution Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI

15. LnLCommunications (●●●●●●●●●○) Random Jitter Beamforming Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI

16. LnLCommunications (●●●●●●●●●●) • “Bob goes to New York” • Bob goes to New York, and he needs to go to the City Hall • Bob finds a policeman across the street • Bob does not know his phone number, but he is not worried because he has LnL enabled phone • Bob points his LnL phone at the policeman and taps the screen, and Voilà, he is connected to the policeman. • Bob is amazed with his LnL phone (as usual), because other people on the street did not interfere with the paring. Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI

17. LnL Communications: Demo (●○) Tx Device Rx Device • H/W • Tx: 4 ant array • Rx: a single ant • Spatial filtering: • 5 GHz (11a) • Data Communication: 2.4 GHz (Wi-Fi Direct) Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI

18. LnL Communications: Demo (●●) Target device Other device 1 Other device 2 • Other device 1: close to the Target device in angulardistance • Other device 2: close to the User device in Euclideandistance User device • Demo Scenario • A Userwants to establish a link with the Target device • There are also Other devices in near proximity, and the User wants to avoid interference from them • The User simply points her device at the Target device • The User device sends a query message to the Target device, and the Target device sends a response with its ID • Other devices do not respond to the query, because they are not in the direction the User is pointing • User device establishes a link with the Target device with the ID received for data communication

19. Discussion • LnL Communications • Device pairing technology • Separate data communication link • Minimizes user intervention • Fast link establishment • Data link establishment over Wi-Fi Direct takes up most of the pairing time • Users feel impatient after about 3 seconds Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI

20. References [1] “Response to the Call for Applications: Look-and-Link Communications,” DCN 15-12-0227-01-0008, May 2012. [2] E. Rukzio, “Physical Mobile Interaction: Mobile Devices as Pervasive Mediators for Interactions with the Real World,” PhD Thesis, University of Munich, 2006. [3] “Technical Pre-proposal for IEEE 802.15 TG8 PAC Standard,” 15-13-0271-01-0008, May 2013. [4] M. Scott Corson et al., “Toward Proximity-Aware Internetworking,” IEEE Wireless Communications, December 2010, pp. 26-33. [5] http://www.wi-fi.org/discover-and-learn/wi-fi-direct [6] 3GPP TR 22.803, “Feasibility study for Proximity Services (ProSe),” Release 12, 3GPP, 2013. [7] ChunyiPeng et al., “Point & Connect: Intention-based Device Pairing for Mobile Phone Users,” Mobisys’09, June 2009. Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI

21. Thank You! ID…. Young-Hoon Kim, ETRI