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Constitutional Money

Constitutional Money. The Rotary Club of New York May 2014. Three Questions:. Is the Dollar a Constitutional unit of measure? What is One Dollar? What happens when Constitutional monetary standards are forsaken?. Money of the Constitution.

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Constitutional Money

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  1. Constitutional Money The Rotary Club of New York May 2014

  2. Three Questions: • Is the Dollar a Constitutional unit of measure? • What is One Dollar? • What happens when Constitutional monetary standards are forsaken?

  3. Money of the Constitution Article I Section 8, Clause 5[The Congress shall have Power] To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures; Article I Section 9, Clause 1 … a Tax or duty may be imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollarsfor each Person. Article I Section 10, Clause 1 No State shall … make any Thing but gold and silver coin a Tenderin Payments of Debts. Amendment VII In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved …

  4. The Dollar is but one of several Constitutional Units of Measure: • Eisner v. Macomber, 252 U.S. 189, 206 (1920) • Congress cannot by legislation alter the Constitution, from which alone it derives its power to legislate, and within whose limitations alone that power can be lawfully exercised.

  5. What is One Dollar? One Dollar is a standard unit of measurement = $1.00 Money: 371 ¼ grains of Silver minted Analogous Time: 24 Hours = 1 Day * 7 = 1 Week Weight: 16 Ounces = 1 Pound * 2000 = 1 Ton Length: 1 Inch * 12 = 1 Foot * 3 = 1 Yard

  6. Dollars or Units – each to be of the value of a Spanish milled dollar as the same is now current and to contain three hundred and seventy-one grains and four sixteenth parts (371 ¼) of a grain of pure … silver

  7. Does the Constitutional Dollar standard exist today? • Yes! How do we know that? • The number $1.292929292.It is derived from the constitutional dollar unit. Title 31 U.S.C. §5116(b)(2): The Secretary shall sell silver under conditions the Secretary considers appropriate for at least $1.292929292 a fine troy ounce.

  8. Congress’ Responsibility to Regulate the Value of Coin Key: 1 troy oz = 480 grains1 troy oz = 31.1034 grams1 troy oz = 1.09714 oz X 100 =(4,630 grainsof Copper) 1 Cent(46.3 grainsof Copper) 1 Dollar(371.25 grains Silver) X 10 =(3,712.5 grainsof Silver) 1 Eagle (10 Dollar)(247.5 grains Gold) 1 Dollar(371.25 grains Silver) Congress has the responsibility to regulate the value of all minted coins to the fixed pure metal Dollar standard

  9. Supreme Court - Coin Money is a Constitutional Requirement • United States v. Marigold, 50 U.S. (9 How.) 560, 567-568 (1850): “ [Congress has] the duty of creating a puremetallic standard of value throughout the Union. The power of coining money and of regulating its value was delegated to Congress by the Constitution for … preserving the uniformity and purity of such standard of value * * * "If the medium could immediately be expelled, and substituted by one it had neither created, estimated, nor authorized ­­ one possessing no intrinsic value ­­ then the power conferred by the Constitution would be useless ­­ wholly fruitless of every end it was designed to accomplish. Marigold was cited in: International Bancorp Llc v. Societe Des Bains De Mer et Du Cercle Des, 329 F. 3d 359, May 19, 2003 1792 Penny

  10. What happens when Constitutional monetary standards are forsaken? • An unrealized loss of capital and property; • A loss of real economic value; • The loss of the full economic impact of automation;

  11. Unrealized losses of capital and property = # Egg Cartons(Brown Eggs) = # Lawful Money $ # Legal Tender $ = = 1957 = U.S. Silver Certificate 1,600 Sq. Ft. Home ~37,700 ($)13,500 $13,500 = 1982 Fed. Res. Bank Note 1,600 Sq. Ft. Home ~37,700 “$85,400” = 2007 = = Fed. Res. Bank Note 1,600 Sq. Ft. Home ~37,700 ($)13,500 “$175,000” Property No Lawful Money Available

  12. Quiet Theft! = # Egg Cartons (Brown Eggs) = # Lawful Money $ # Legal Tender $ = = = U.S. Silver Certificate ~37,700 ($)13,500 $13,500 = = Fed. Res. Bank Note ~37,700 ($)13,500 $175,000 Federal Reserve Note “Gain” of $161,500 No Cartons of Eggs Gain No Lawful Money Gain Alleged Tax Due ~FRN$55,000 No Gain No Tax Due No Gain No Tax Due = After FRN Tax results in a Physical Egg Carton Loss of 11,922 Cartons of Eggs After FRN Tax results in a Lawful Money Property Loss of ($)4,269 Property Buy 1957 1,600 Sq. Ft. Home Sell 2007 1,600 Sq. Ft. Home The purported Federal Reserve Note “Gain” is actually a “quiet theft” in that it results in a physical property loss with the perception of an actual gain.

  13. A loss of real economic value = # Egg Cartons(Brown Eggs) = # Lawful Money $ # Legal Tender $ = = 1962 = U.S. Silver Certificate $1,942.00 $1,942.00 4 Shares IBM Stock ~5,424 = 1982 Fed. Res. Bank Note 75 Shares IBM Stock after splits ~4,266 “$4,884” = 2007 = = Fed. Res. Bank Note 300 Shares IBM Stock after splits ~6,571 $2,338.56 “$30,501.00” Stock No Lawful Money Available IBM Stock Splits: 1964-05-18 [5:4], 1966-05-18 [3:2], 1968-04-23 [2:1], May 29, 1973 [5:4], Jun 1, 1979 [4:1], May 28, 1997 [2:1], May 27, 1999 [2:1]

  14. Quiet Theft! = # Egg Cartons (Brown Eggs) = # Lawful Money $ # Legal Tender $ = = = U.S. Silver Certificate ~5,424 $1,942.00 $1,942.00 = = Fed. Res. Bank Note ~6,571 $2,338.56 “$30,501.00” Federal Reserve Note “94% Gain” of $28,559 17% Gain in Eggs Cartons 17% Lawful Money Gain Alleged Tax Due (15%) ~FRN$4283.85 Tax Due ~172 Egg Cartons Tax Due $59.48 = After FRN Tax results in a Physical Egg Carton Loss of 923 Cartons of Eggs FRN Inflation results in a 83% tax rate or $328.45 of the $396.56 of the purported gain Stock Buy 1962 IBM Stock Sell 2007 IBM Stock The purported Federal Reserve Note “Gain” is actually a “quiet theft” in that it results in an 83% tax rate with the perception of 15% tax rate.

  15. The loss of the full economic impact of automation. Automation lowers the cost of production. Inflation however ensures the appearance of increased revenue while providing bankers unearned profits (red) ■ Inflated Sale price ■ Sale price However, lower cost of production often results in lower revenue. Thus, to increase revenue a manufacture either has to increase sales or add more features to maintain revenue.

  16. Example – Ford Mustang 1965 Features Convertible 170 CID /101 HP 6 cylinder engine Drum brakes Bucket Seats with lap belt restraint No air conditioner AM Radio $2,557

  17. Example – Ford Mustang 2007 Features Convertible 4.0 L /210 HP 6 cylinder engine SOHC Ventilated disc brakes Bucket Seats with Air Bags Air conditioner 120W Stereo / iPod input $31,700

  18. The Lawful Money Cost of a Ford Mustang has Remained Constant = = 1965 U.S. Silver Certificate ($) 2,557 ($) 2,557 = = 2007 Fed. Res. Bank Note $31,700 ($)2,557 It’s only inflation that has given the appearance that the sales price and Ford’s revenues have been increasing.

  19. Answers: • Is the Dollar is a Constitutional unit of measure? Yes. • What is One Dollar? A coin containing 371.25 grains of pure silver. • What happens when Constitutional monetary standards are forsaken? The citizens are unknowingly defrauded.

  20. Thank You Questions and Answers

  21. Supreme Court - Coin Money is a Constitutional Requirement • United States v. Marigold, 50 U.S. (9 How.) 560, 567-568 (1850): “They [Congress] appertain rather to the execution of an important trust invested by the Constitution, and to the obligation to fulfill that trust on the part of the government, namely, the trust and the duty of creating and maintaining a uniform and puremetallic standard of value throughout the Union. The power of coining money and of regulating its value was delegated to Congress by the Constitution for the very purpose, as assigned by the framers of that instrument, of creating and preserving the uniformity and purity of such standard of value * * * "If the medium which the government was authorized to create and establish could immediately be expelled, and substituted by one it had neither created, estimated, nor authorized ­­ one possessing no intrinsic value ­­ then the power conferred by the Constitution would be useless ­­ wholly fruitless of every end it was designed to accomplish. Whatever functions Congress are, by the Constitution, authorized to perform, they are, when the public good requires it, bound to perform; and on this principle, having emitted a circulating medium, a standard of value indispensable for the purposes of the community, and for the action of the government itself, they are accordingly authorized and bound in duty to prevent its debasement and expulsion, and the destruction of the general confidence and convenience …." Marigold was recently cited in: International Bancorp Llcv. Societe Des Bains De Mer et Du Cercle Des, 329 F. 3d 359, May 19, 2003 for a different reason but still stands affirming congressional responsibility to maintain a pure metallic monetary standard; 1792 Penny

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