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Metric Conversions, Scientific Notation, and Dimensional Analysis

Metric Conversions, Scientific Notation, and Dimensional Analysis. Scientific Notation. Steps for converting : Put the decimal after the first digit and drop the zeros Ex. 123,000,000,000  1.23 To find the exponent, count the number of places from the decimal to the end of the number.

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Metric Conversions, Scientific Notation, and Dimensional Analysis

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  1. Metric Conversions, Scientific Notation, and Dimensional Analysis

  2. Scientific Notation Steps for converting: • Put the decimal after the first digit and drop the zeros Ex. 123,000,000,000  1.23 • To find the exponent, count the number of places from the decimal to the end of the number. Ex. In 123,000,000,000 there are 11 places therefore we write it as 1.23 x 1011 • Numbers less than 1 will have negative exponents Ex. 0.000001 will be written as 1 x 10-6

  3. Convert: 0.005 5,050 0.0008 1,000 1,000,000 0.25 0.025 0.0025 500 5,000 Examples

  4. International System of Units • Built on a set of seven metric units, called baseunits • Prefixes are added to the names of SI base units to represent quantities that are larger or smaller than the base units

  5. SI Base Units • Length – meter (m) • Mass – kilogram (kg) • Time – second (s) • Temperature – Kelvin (K) • Amount of substance – mole (mol) • Electric current – ampere (A) • Luminous intensity – candela (cd)

  6. Metric Prefixes and Symbols • Kilo – k • Hecto – h • Deka – da • BASE • Deci – d • Centi – c • Milli – m King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk

  7. 100m = ____km 3m = ____mm 230cm = ____m 461mm = ____m 2500m = ____km 4500mg = ____g 2000g = ____mg 200g = ____kg 23L = ____mL 0.14mm = ____m 1550mm = ____m 4000mL = ____L 1.4kg = ____g 1452mg = ____g 9.5m = ____cm Metric Conversions Practice Problems

  8. Derived SI units • Area – sq. meter (m2) • Volume – cubic meter (m3) • Density – kg per cubic meter (kg/m3) • Molar mass – kg per mole (kg/mol) • Concentration – moles per liter (M) • Molar volume – cubic meters per mol (m3/mol)

  9. Dimensional Analysis • The technique of converting between units Uses: 1. Unit equalities – an equation that shows how different units are related (ex. 1cm = 0.01m) 2. Conversion factors – equation that always equals one (ex. 1cm/0.01m) *Multiply the conversion factor so that units you do not want cancel and the unit that you do want ends up on top

  10. Homework Problems • 64.5dm = ___ mm • 91.2m = ___ km • 96.5in = ___ yds • 1.235ft = ___cm • 8.95kJ = ___cal • 34.5miles = ___m • 52.3cm = ___ft • 6.98m/min = ___km/hr • 59.63cal = ___J • 96.5kJ = ___cal • 1year = ___ sec

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