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The Civil War

The Civil War. APUSH – Unit 5 – R. M. Tolles. 1860 Presidential Election pg 215-217. √ Abraham Lincoln Republican. John Bell Constitutional Union. Stephen A. Douglas Northern Democrat. John C. Breckinridge Southern Democrat. President Abraham Lincoln. 16. The South Secedes.

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The Civil War

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  1. The Civil War APUSH – Unit 5 – R. M. Tolles

  2. 1860 Presidential Electionpg 215-217 √Abraham LincolnRepublican John BellConstitutional Union Stephen A. DouglasNorthern Democrat John C. BreckinridgeSouthern Democrat

  3. President Abraham Lincoln 16

  4. The South Secedes South furious a President can be picked without a single southern vote, the election resulted in seven states leaving the union.* South Carolina was the first to leave. Then six others left. Called themselves the Confederate States of America Elected Jefferson Davis as their President Fort Sumter in South Carolina, was still full of Federal Troops. Instead of fighting, Lincoln just re-supplied it The South attacked the fort, and took it over. Lincoln Declared War. The rest of the South (N.C.) joined the confederacy.

  5. Rating the North & the South

  6. The “Anaconda” Plan = North South = War of Attrition, European intervention, Defensive War

  7. Lincoln’s Generals Winfield Scott Joseph Hooker Ulysses S. Grant Irwin McDowell George McClellan George Meade Ambrose Burnside George McClellan,Again!

  8. The Confederate Generals “Stonewall” Jackson Nathan Bedford Forrest George Pickett Jeb Stuart James Longstreet Robert E. Lee

  9. Battle of Bull Run (1st)‏ First Battle of Bull Run Union – General Irvin McDowell Confederacy – General “Stonewall” Jackson Picnic – news reporters and other Northerners Confederacy able to defeat Union, send them back to Washington 35,000 fought – 5,000 Casualties (not a lot)‏ Proved the War would not be as easy as originally thought

  10. New Technology Better bullets Guns Reload Faster Rifles instead of muskets Shells fired from cannons explode and canisters make it like a shot gun CSS Huntley Merrimack and the Monitor

  11. Extensive Legislation PassedWithout the South in Congress • 1861 – Morrill Tariff Act • 1862 – Homestead Act • 1862 – Legal Tender Act • 1862 – Morrill Land Grant Act • 1862 – Emancipation Proclamation (1/1/1863)‏ • 1863 – Pacific Railway Act • 1863 – National Bank Act

  12. Battle of Antietam • McClellan took his entire army and attacked Lee (found Lee’s orders laying by a barn)‏ • Bloody battle, with 26,000 men died in one day. • Union had twice the men the south did and was able to defeat Lee • Lincoln commanded McClellan to follow the rest of the confederates back to Virginia and end the war. McClellan did not.

  13. It freed the slaves only in states that have seceded from the Union. • It did not free slaves in border states. • Many Freed Slaves joined up with the Union (10% of Northern army)‏

  14. Life Behind the Lines Confederate Gov’t was much like Articles of Confederation North and South both implemented the Draft (men 18-50)‏ Lincoln enacted Martial Law in the North 4 slave states did NOT ever join the confederate states (Missouri, Kentucky, West Virginia, Maryland)‏ Prison Camps were created for POWs Horrible conditions. Many died due to exposure 1 in 5 who were wounded died of infection Supplies running very low in the south, women began to riot Draft riots in the North Troops – Camp life, dysentery, disease, malnutrition Songs, diaries, letters, pictures and newspapers

  15. Gettysburg July 1-4, 1863 = Turning point of the war? Confederates walk into town looking for shoes Huge battle breaks out because all surrounding troops from both sides come to Gettysburg Longstreet replaces Jackson. Slow. Waits too long to attack so the North can regroup on 2nd day of fighting On 3rd Day Southern General Pickett ordered his men to charge across an open field. 5,000 men… all casualties (Pickett’s Charge)‏ Confederates retreat

  16. that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. Abe Lincoln

  17. African-American Recruiting Poster

  18. Vicksburg One last big city in the West was Vicksburg. Very well defended Grant knew he couldn’t attack, so he put it under siege. And Starved them. Then bombed them for 30 days. People lived in caves. Vicksburg surrendered. Lincoln Gave the Gettysburg Address shortly after. Speech lasted 2 minutes. First speaker lasted 2 hours by Edward Everett Sherman’s march to the sea

  19. Surrender Grant is able to corner Lee. Lee and Grant peacefully negotiated terms. Grant was very generous. Appomattox Court House Lincoln wins 1864 election convincingly. John Wilkes Booth, a southern sympathizer, assassinates him in a theatre in April of 1865.

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