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Chapter 3: Federalism

Forging a Nation. Chapter 3: Federalism . Section 1 Federalism: National and State Sovereignty. Dual Citizenship Failure of the Articles System of Divided Powers The Arguments for Federalism Practical Necessity Protecting Liberty- Federalist No. 28 Moderating Government Powers

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Chapter 3: Federalism

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  1. Forging a Nation Chapter 3: Federalism

  2. Section 1 Federalism: National and State Sovereignty • Dual Citizenship • Failure of the Articles • System of Divided Powers • The Arguments for Federalism • Practical Necessity • Protecting Liberty- Federalist No. 28 • Moderating Government Powers • Strengthening the Union

  3. (Division of Powers Handout) III. The Powers of the Nation a) Enumerated Powers 1) Supremacy Clause 2) Necessary and Proper/ Elastic Clause

  4. b) Implied Powers • Necessary & proper clause

  5. c) Inherent Powers d) Reserved Powers

  6. e) Concurrent Powers

  7. Section 2: Interstate Relations • Interstate Compacts • Examples • Port Authority of New York & New Jersey (1921) • Compact for the Supervision of Parolees & Probationers and Compact of Juveniles • Great Lakes Compact

  8. Full, Faith and Credit • Exceptions • Williams v. North Carolina • Extradition

  9. IV. Privileges and Immunities

  10. Section 3: Federalism in Historical Perspective • A Continuous Debate • Phase I: An Indestructible Union • Nationalist View McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) Gibbons v. Ogden(1824)

  11. c. The States’ Rights View a) The Issue of Slavery b) Dred Scott v. Sanford

  12. Dual Federalism • Based on Separation of Powers Doctrine • Sharp line between National & State Authority • State supremacy in racial policy • Business Supremacy in commerce policy • 14th Amendment & State Discretion

  13. Judicial Protections of Business • Laissez-faire capitalism • Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad Company • Private corporation is entitled to legal rights • United States v. EC Knight Co. • Sugar Trust Cases • Avoided Sherman Antitrust • Hammer v. Dagenhart • Restricts National • Lochner v. New York • Restricts States

  14. National Authority Prevails • Great Depression • Challenges from Supreme Court • Revelation: Interdependent Nation • A Shift in Responsibility • State’s unable to deal with unemployed/welfare assistance • NIRA • Schecter v. United States • A switch in time that saved nine • Court packing • Justice Own Roberts • Toward National Citizenship • Brown v. Board of Education

  15. Section 4: Federalism Today • Expansion of National Authority • Policy Shift • Expansion of National Authority 1930s • Devolution • Interdependency & Intergovernmental Relations • Cooperative Federalism • Characteristics • Example: Medicaid

  16. Fiscal Federalism • Spending of Federal Funds through state and local governments • 1 in every 5 dollars spent by state/local comes from National • Increase in Federal Government influence • Dole v. South Dakota • Categorical Grants “strings” • Block Grants “no strings”

  17. Devolution • Nixon & New Federalism • The Republican Revolution • 1994 Congressional Elections • Unfunded mandates • 1996 Welfare Reform Act • George W. Bush • NCLB? • Department of Homeland Security

  18. Devolution, Judicial Style • Increases in Congressional Authority • Garcia v. San Antonio Authority • Gonzales v. Raich • Limiting Congressional Authority • United States v. Lopez • Printz v. United States • Kimmel v. Florida Board of Regents • Univ. of Alabama v. Garrett

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