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History & Demography of Native North America. OS215 Contemporary Native American Issues Thursday, January 12, 2012. Historical Context. About 15 million Native Americans pre-contact (estimated 12 million within present-day U.S.) Spanish exploration and European colonization
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History & Demography of Native North America • OS215 Contemporary Native American Issues • Thursday, January 12, 2012
Historical Context • About 15 million Native Americans pre-contact (estimated 12 million within present-day U.S.) • Spanish exploration and European colonization • Discovery Doctrine
Historical Context • Population decline
Historical Context • Destruction of tribal life ways
Historical Context • Forced relocation (“Trail of Tears”)
Historical Context • Extermination (“Wounded Knee”)
Historical Context • Assimilation
Affects on Contemporary Native Life • Look at contemporary Native American experience and issues through a lens of over 500 years of Western colonial intrusion and accelerated change • Conflicting concepts of territory, political power and community organization • Cultural interrelations, religious conversion, language loss, western values and concepts
Survival and Re-awakening • Many Native American communities are seeking to retain cultures and communities despite colonization • Borrowing Western ideas and concepts • Reclaiming traditional concepts • Change and negotiation
U.S. Census Data (2000) • National Congress of American Indians (NCAI) Policy Resource Center: • http://www.ncaiprc.org/census-information-center • 4.5 million people (1.5% of U.S. population) reported American Indian or Alaska Native ethnicity. • 71% (compared to 80% of total U.S. population) had at least a high school education. • 2/3 (66%) of Native Americans live in Urban areas (not represented within NCAI, will explore more next week with Identity, • About 700,000 (of 1.7 million) live on or near Indian Reservations