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The Coca-Cola Company. Develops products Produces the advertising and programs to support those products, and Sells syrup concentrate to Coca-Cola Enterprises and other bottlers, etc. Coca Cola Enterprises.
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The Coca-Cola Company • Develops products • Produces the advertising and programs to support those products, and • Sells syrup concentrate to Coca-Cola Enterprises and other bottlers, etc.
Coca Cola Enterprises • Combines the product concentrate with other ingredients to manufacture and package our beverages. • Markets and distributes products to retail customers and consumers.
Coca Cola Enterprises • The largest soft-drink bottler in the world, • The Coca Cola Company owns 42 % of the outstanding common stock of Coca-Cola Enterprises • Net concentrate/syrup sales to Coca-Cola Enterprises were $3.1 billion in 1998 or approximately 16 % of sales. • 3.8 billion unit cases in 1998 • Net operating revenues of $13.4 billion • EBITDA $1.989 billion
Full Service Business • CCE’s vending machine operations • Owns and operates approximately 200,000 vending machines in the US • North Metro Atlanta Sales Center • approximately 2,000 machines • approximately 8 drivers • area covering 190 sq. miles
Vending Machines • Support 4 to 12 flavors • Hold 8 to 12 columns of cans • 30 cans per column
Our Example • 5 Flavors • 10 columns • Customer service -- in-stock probability for all flavors 99%
Issues • Which flavors do we stock? • How many columns do we stock for each flavor? • How often to we restock the machine? • How do we build driver routes? • How many drivers and trucks do we need?
Other related questions • Can we make some of these problems go away? • Vending machine design • Size • Flexibility • Number of flavors • …
Current Operations • Machine put on 7, 14, 21, … day schedule based on volume • Drivers assigned routes to cover machines • Missed machines rolled over to next day • Driver allocates columns to flavors and fills • Drive pay partly based on cases loaded • Company prescribes some flavors • Core flavors and new flavors
Which flavors do we stock? • What are the drivers? • Revenue
Our set up • Flavors we must carry • Coke • Diet Coke • Sprite • Other flavors we’ll consider • Caffeine free diet coke • Minute Maid • Nestea
Maximize Revenue • What flavors?
A better model? • Customer profiles • Diet anything • Any variety of Coke • “Healthy” • Fraction of all customers fitting profile • Choose flavors that satisfy the greatest fraction of the population
How many columns? • We have chosen flavors • We know expected sales rates (possibly based on what else is in the machine) • We stock so that...
The Bottleneck • First run out of some flavor as late as possible
How often to restock? • What are the issues?
Service Level Poisson CDF: Probability of at most Stock Level arrivals in Restock Interval days