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DNA Extraction

DNA Extraction. Start with the cells. We will use DNA found in the cells in your mouth. Use the cup of salt water. Swirl the salt water in your mouth for 30 seconds. After 30 seconds spit the salt water back into the cup. Why do we swirl the salt water in our mouth?.

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DNA Extraction

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  1. DNAExtraction

  2. Start with the cells • We will use DNA found in the cells in your mouth. • Use the cup of salt water. Swirl the salt water in your mouth for 30 seconds. • After 30 seconds spit the salt water back into the cup.

  3. Why do we swirl the salt water in our mouth? • The swirling separates the CELLS from each other and away from your mouth.

  4. In a graduated cylinder measure 5mL soap, pour into test tube.

  5. Cover the top of the test tube with your hand. Rock the mixture GENTLY for 2-3 minutes

  6. What does the detergent do? • Each cell is surrounded by a cell membrane • DNA is in the nucleus of a cell, which is also surrounded by a membrane

  7. The membranes must be broken open in order to get the DNA out of the cell

  8. Detergent: • Breaks apart membranes by attaching to the lipids (fats) & proteins in the membranes

  9. The cell and nuclear membranes have been broken apart,as well as all of the organelle membranes,such as those around the mitochondria and chloroplasts.So what is left? • Proteins • Carbohydrates (sugars) • DNA

  10. Add a pinch of meat tenderizer to the mixture

  11. Why? • Meat tenderizer is an ENZYME • A protein that helps chemical reactions happen more quickly • The enzymes in meat tenderizer break apart proteins

  12. The DNA in the nucleus is surrounded by proteins

  13. The meat tenderizer cuts away the proteins from the DNA

  14. Stir very, very GENTLY!

  15. Tilt your test tube & slowly pour a layer of alcohol on top of the cell soup mixture • DNA will float up into the alcohol

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