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The Agrarian Revolution: Selective Breeding = Giant Cows !

The Agrarian Revolution: Selective Breeding = Giant Cows !. The Industrial Revolution. I. Definition from David S. Landes’s The Unbound Prometheus

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The Agrarian Revolution: Selective Breeding = Giant Cows !

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  1. The Agrarian Revolution: Selective Breeding = Giant Cows!

  2. The Industrial Revolution • I. Definition from David S. Landes’s The Unbound Prometheus • “The Industrial Revolution was a sustained period of economic growth and change brought about by the application of mineral and hydraulic energy and technological innovation in manufacturing.”

  3. The Industrial Revolution • II. England leads the way (roughly 1780-1830) • III. The Revolution in Technology and Energy • A. The Steam Engine • B. Revolution in Energy spurs Industry • IV. Changes in Everyday Life • A. Rise of Industrial Working Class • B. The Standard of Living Debate • C. Reactions to the problems of Industrial life • V. Changes in English Political Life • A. Peterloo Massacre (1819) • B. The Chartist Movement • C. Reform Law of 1832 • D. Repeal of the Corn Laws, 1846 • VI. Industrial Revolution on the Continent (roughly 1830-1900)

  4. Coal and Industry in England in the 19th Century

  5. The Industrial Revolution • II. England leads the way (roughly 1780-1830) • III. The Revolution in Technology and Energy • A. The Steam Engine • B. Revolution in Energy spurs Industry • IV. Changes in Everyday Life • A. Rise of Industrial Working Class • B. The Standard of Living Debate • C. Reactions to the problems of Industrial life • V. Changes in English Political Life • A. Peterloo Massacre (1819) • B. The Chartist Movement • C. Reform Law of 1832 • D. Repeal of the Corn Laws, 1846 • VI. Industrial Revolution on the Continent (roughly 1830-1900)

  6. Diagram of Newcomen’s Steam Engine (1712)

  7. Watt’s Steam Engine, 1774

  8. The Industrial Revolution • II. England leads the way (roughly 1780-1830) • III. The Revolution in Technology and Energy • A. The Steam Engine • B. Revolution in Energy spurs Industry • IV. Changes in Everyday Life • A. Rise of Industrial Working Class • B. The Standard of Living Debate • C. Reactions to the problems of Industrial life • V. Changes in English Political Life • A. Peterloo Massacre (1819) • B. The Chartist Movement • C. Reform Law of 1832 • D. Repeal of the Corn Laws, 1846 • VI. Industrial Revolution on the Continent (roughly 1830-1900)

  9. The Spinning Jenny

  10. The Industrial Revolution • II. England leads the way (roughly 1780-1830) • III. The Revolution in Technology and Energy • A. The Steam Engine • B. Revolution in Energy spurs Industry • IV. Changes in Everyday Life • A. Rise of Industrial Working Class • B. The Standard of Living Debate • C. Reactions to the problems of Industrial life • V. Changes in English Political Life • A. Peterloo Massacre (1819) • B. The Chartist Movement • C. Reform Law of 1832 • D. Repeal of the Corn Laws, 1846 • VI. Industrial Revolution on the Continent (roughly 1830-1900)

  11. British Textile Mill in the 19C

  12. Vincent Van Gogh’s view of 19th Century Factories

  13. The Industrial Revolution • II. England leads the way (roughly 1780-1830) • III. The Revolution in Technology and Energy • A. The Steam Engine • B. Revolution in Energy spurs Industry • IV. Changes in Everyday Life • A. Rise of Industrial Working Class • B. The Standard of Living Debate • C. Reactions to the problems of Industrial life • V. Changes in English Political Life • A. Peterloo Massacre (1819) • B. The Chartist Movement • C. Reform Law of 1832 • D. Repeal of the Corn Laws, 1846 • VI. Industrial Revolution on the Continent (roughly 1830-1900)

  14. The Railroad Boom spurs Industrialization, 1830-1900

  15. The Railroad Boom in Europe Green=RR lines in 1850 Red=RR lines added by 1870

  16. The Industrial Revolution • II. England leads the way (roughly 1780-1830) • III. The Revolution in Technology and Energy • A. The Steam Engine • B. Revolution in Energy spurs Industry • IV. Changes in Everyday Life • A. Rise of Industrial Working Class • B. The Standard of Living Debate • C. Reactions to the problems of Industrial life • V. Changes in English Political Life • A. Peterloo Massacre (1819) • B. The Chartist Movement • C. Reform Law of 1832 • D. Repeal of the Corn Laws, 1846 • VI. Industrial Revolution on the Continent (roughly 1830-1900)

  17. Child Coal Puller in a Welsh Coal Mine

  18. 19C Working Class Tenements in London

  19. Urban Poor during the Age of Industrialization

  20. Social Hierarchy during the Industrial Revolution

  21. The Industrial Revolution • II. England leads the way (roughly 1780-1830) • III. The Revolution in Technology and Energy • A. The Steam Engine • B. Revolution in Energy spurs Industry • IV. Changes in Everyday Life • A. Rise of Industrial Working Class • B. The Standard of Living Debate • C. Reactions to the problems of Industrial life • V. Changes in English Political Life • A. Peterloo Massacre (1819) • B. The Chartist Movement • C. Reform Law of 1832 • D. Repeal of the Corn Laws, 1846 • VI. Industrial Revolution on the Continent (roughly 1830-1900)

  22. “Jerusalem”William Blake (1757-1827) And did those feet in ancient time Walk upon England's mountains green? And was the holy Lamb of God On England's pleasant pastures seen? And did the Countenance Divine Shine forth upon our clouded hills? And was Jerusalem builded here Among these dark Satanic mills? Bring me my bow of burning gold: Bring me my arrows of desire: Bring me my spear: O clouds unfold! Bring me my chariot of fire. I will not cease from mental fight, Nor shall my sword sleep in my hand Till we have built Jerusalem In England's green and pleasant land.

  23. The Industrial Revolution • II. England leads the way (roughly 1780-1830) • III. The Revolution in Technology and Energy • A. The Steam Engine • B. Revolution in Energy spurs Industry • IV. Changes in Everyday Life • A. Rise of Industrial Working Class • B. The Standard of Living Debate • C. Reactions to the problems of Industrial life • V. Changes in English Political Life • A. Peterloo Massacre (1819) • B. The Chartist Movement • C. Reform Law of 1832 • D. Repeal of the Corn Laws, 1846 • VI. Industrial Revolution on the Continent (roughly 1830-1900)

  24. Marxism 101

  25. John Wesley, Founder of Methodism Preaching at an Outdoor Revival

  26. The Industrial Revolution • II. England leads the way (roughly 1780-1830) • III. The Revolution in Technology and Energy • A. The Steam Engine • B. Revolution in Energy spurs Industry • IV. Changes in Everyday Life • A. Rise of Industrial Working Class • B. The Standard of Living Debate • C. Reactions to the problems of Industrial life • V. Changes in English Political Life • A. Peterloo Massacre (1819) • B. The Chartist Movement • C. Reform Law of 1832 • D. Repeal of the Corn Laws, 1846 • VI. Industrial Revolution on the Continent (roughly 1830-1900)

  27. Peterloo Massacre, Manchester 1819

  28. The Industrial Revolution • II. England leads the way (roughly 1780-1830) • III. The Revolution in Technology and Energy • A. The Steam Engine • B. Revolution in Energy spurs Industry • IV. Changes in Everyday Life • A. Rise of Industrial Working Class • B. The Standard of Living Debate • C. Reactions to the problems of Industrial life • V. Changes in English Political Life • A. Peterloo Massacre (1819) • B. The Chartist Movement • C. Reform Law of 1832 • D. Repeal of the Corn Laws, 1846 • VI. Industrial Revolution on the Continent (roughly 1830-1900)

  29. Queen Victoria (r. 1837-1901)

  30. Irish Family during the Potato Famine, 1845

  31. The Industrial Revolution • II. England leads the way (roughly 1780-1830) • III. The Revolution in Technology and Energy • A. The Steam Engine • B. Revolution in Energy spurs Industry • IV. Changes in Everyday Life • A. Rise of Industrial Working Class • B. The Standard of Living Debate • C. Reactions to the problems of Industrial life • V. Changes in English Political Life • A. Peterloo Massacre (1819) • B. The Chartist Movement • C. Reform Law of 1832 • D. Repeal of the Corn Laws, 1846 • VI. Industrial Revolution on the Continent (roughly 1830-1900)

  32. Scientific and Technological Changes • New Agricultural Technologies • New Textile Technologies • Steam engine • Railroads • Steamships • Mechanization of Manufacturing • Assembly Line

  33. Social Changes caused by Industrial Rev. • Urbanization • Real Wages rise • Standard of Living Changes • Overcrowding • Tenements • Child Labor • Pollution • Unsafe Work Environment • Diet of Processed foods • Pace of work changes: shift labor • Rise of an Industrial Working class • Wealthy factory owners edge out old landed aristocracy

  34. Economic Changes caused by Industrial Rev. • Economy based upon manufacturing replaces agrarian economy • Britain becomes #1 manu-facturer in world (until 1900) • Britain becomes world banker • Free Market replaces protective economic policies of past • Marxist theory • Rise of “Big Business” in USA

  35. Political Changes caused by Industrial Rev. • 1840 Work Reform Laws “end” child labor • 1832 Reform Bill: Parliament falls into hands of wealthy industrialists • 1846 Corn Laws repealed • Marxism as political theory and foundation of Socialist and Communist Parties • US: 1902 Pure Food and Drug Act

  36. Cultural Changes • Culture wars: Town vs. Country • Luddism • Romanticism • Methodism • US: Progressivism • Pace of life accelerates

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