Verbs

1. Verbs are action words. They tell “what it is or what it does”. Verbs

2. An action verb tells what the subject of a sentence does or did. Underline the action verb in each sentence. 1. Our cheerleaders cheered at the game. 2. The girls jumped high. 3. They yelled loudly. 4. One boy flipped backwards. 5. I liked their dance routine.

3. *A verb in the present tense shows that something is happening now, suchas like.*A verb in the past tense shows that something has already happened, suchas liked.*A verb in the future tense shows that something is going to happen, such as will like. Verb Tenses Verb Tenses

4. Practice Read each sentence and identify the tense of the verbs. Underline the verbs and circle the correct tense. 1. Some prehistoric people lived in caves in Europe. Past present future 2. Cro-Magnon people painted animals on cave walls. Past present future 3. Today, their paintings still exist. Past present future 4. The pictures possess a magical quality. Past present future 5. Archaeologists will use them for studying prehistoric life. Past present future

5. Perfect Verb Tenses • Present Perfect tense shows something that has happened. It uses the helping verbs have or has. • Past Perfect tense shows something that happened in the past and uses the helping verb had. • Future Perfect tense shows what will happen in the future and uses the helping verbs will have. • All Perfect tense verbs use the past tense of the main verb (ed – verbs).

6. Examples of Perfect Tenses Present Present Perfect I jump. I have jumped. Past Past Perfect I jumped. I had jumped. Future Future Perfect I will jump. I will have jumped.

7. Practice Draw two lines under the verb and tell the tense. 1. They have offered their services for decorating for the prom. 2. Trent will have received the award for basketball by Thursday. 3. The wind had grabbed my hat before I could react.

8. Test Practice Which of the following sentences uses the future perfect tense of the main verb? F. The class musical will have several new songs written by the music teacher. G. Margarite, my mother, and I will go to the mall later today for swimsuits. H. Students with good habits will have finished their assignment before the final bell rings. J. The heat this week will keep the boys at the park away from their scheduled baseball games.

9. Transitive/Intransitive Verbs * A Transitive Verb in a sentence has an action verb followed by a direct object. Jerry eatsice cream by the gallon. *An Intransitive Verb in a sentence has an action verb but does not have a direct object. Larry runs in the race on Saturday.

10. Practice • Draw two lines under each verb and tell if it is transitive or intransitive. • Wilbur and Orville Wright built the first successful airplane. • The first flight lasted only about twelve seconds. • Few newspapers told about the flight. • The brothers made improvements on their airplane and their flight techniques.

11. Test Item Which sentence includes a transitive verb? A. Cindy cleans her room each morning before school. B. Matt slept well at his grandparents’ house last night. C. Our neighbor’s dog and another one down the street barked all night long. D. The blue glass fell off the counter and broke into many pieces.

12. Test Item • Which sentence does not have a direct object? (Intransitive verb) A. The association’s prize was given this year to the best science fair project for grade 6. B. The principal thanked the parents for their participation in school activities. C. Parents who will be picking up their children must send the school a note before 3:30 in the afternoon. D. We need parents’ ideas and suggestions about guidelines for field trips.

13. Subject-Verb Agreement • A singular subject takes a singular verb. He looks. • A plural subject takes a plural verb. We look. • Compound subjects combined with and take a plural verb. Joe and Sally look. • Compound subjects combined with or take a singular verb. Lisa or Cindy looks.

14. Practice Choose a verb in parentheses to complete each sentence. Rewrite each sentence so that the subject and verb agree. 1. Japanese artists (make/makes) beautiful prints. 2. They (carve/carves) illustrations onto blocks of wood. 3. First the artist (draw/draws) a design on paper. 4. He (glue/glues) the drawing onto a block of wood. 5. Carvers and artists (cut/cuts) away wood between the drawing lines. 6. The design (remain/remains) as raised wood. 7. A printer (apply/applies) ink to the raised surfaces. 8. He (press/presses) the wood block to a piece of paper. 9. Designs or carvings (appear/appears) as a print on the paper. 10. Many prints (come/comes) from the same block of wood.

15. Test Practice 1. Which of the following sentences uses a transitive verb? F. The postman delivered our mail early. G. He rushed for his car in the downpour. H. His big run was an unforgettable event. J. The boys walked across the parking lot. 2. Which of the following sentences exhibits correct subject-verb agreement with a compound subject? F. The cow or the bull were moved to another pasture. G. Mr. Smith and his son is going fishing later this week. H. The students and their teacher was selected for recognition. J. Mr. Mohammed and his band are performing for our assembly.

16. Test Item Which of the following illustrates correct subject-verb agreement? A. Each person in the scheduled events have a chance for a cash reward or a trophy. B. Everyone in the art classes are excited about the art exhibit at the city’s new art museum. C. Mrs. Webster or the other teachers in that group has decided on a new name for the school’s mascot. D. The new members or their representative is ready for a leadership role during the convention for state clubs.

17. Linking Verbs A linking verb joins the subject of a sentence with a noun or an adjective in the predicate that identifies or describes the subject. Common linking verbs are: am, is, are, was, were, appear, become, feel, look, seem, smell, sound, taste, and turn.

18. Predicate Nominatives Draw two lines under the verb and circle the Predicate Nominatives. • The grass became brown during the drought. • The delicious dessert was cherry pie. • The actor in the play is Cary's father. • Our old barn was shelter for the cattle in the winter. • The weather was sunny last Friday.

19. Predicate Adjectives Draw two lines under the linking verb and circle the predicate adjective. • James seems hot after basketball practice. • Robin grew nervous before tryouts. • The boy were ecstatic after winning the championship. • The young actor appeared old and unhappy in the movie. • The baby sounded fussy when he missed his nap.