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Antacids

Antacids. Ian Ferris. Stomach Acid. The stomach uses acid to break down food Stomach acid’s primary chemical is Hydrochloric Acid This acid is produced by parietal cells in the stomach lining. Stomach Acid (cont.). The production of HCl leads the pH level in the stomach to be around 1-2

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Antacids

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  1. Antacids Ian Ferris

  2. Stomach Acid • The stomach uses acid to break down food • Stomach acid’s primary chemical is Hydrochloric Acid • This acid is produced by parietal cells in the stomach lining

  3. Stomach Acid (cont.) • The production of HCl leads the pH level in the stomach to be around 1-2 • When there is too much acid the pH drops even lower, causing discomfort • This increase in acid could be a malfunction of the stomach and parietal cells or it could just be caused by a high intake of acidic foods

  4. Antacids • Antacids induce a neutralization reaction, buffering the lowered pH of the gastric acid and bringing it back to safer levels • They are essentially just very basic chemicals, but there are many varieties that use different bases for the neutralization reaction

  5. Sodium Bicarbonate NaHCO3(s) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l) • Sodium Bicarbonate based antacids, like Alka-Seltzer, use NaHCO3 to neutralize the HCl • Due to the high salt content, over use of these antacids can cause high blood pressure and other issues associated with high sodium intake

  6. Calcium Carbonate CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l) • Calcium Carbonate based antacidsCaCO3 to neutralize the HCl, and work about as quickly and effectively as Sodium Bicarbonate antacids • These can be dangerous too, as high calcium intake has been linked to kidney stones and other kidney malfunctions

  7. Magnesium MgO(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2O(l) • Magnesium antacids are used as an alternative to Sodium Bicarbonate and Calcium Carbonate based antacids since those produce CO2 which can cause more discomfort and gas • Unfortunately, the high magnesium levels have a laxative effect on the user

  8. Aluminum Al(OH)3(s) + 3HCl(aq) → AlCl3(aq) + 3H2O(l) • Aluminum antacids are not as fast acting as the other types of antacids, but it is similar to magnesium antacids in that it does not produce CO2 • Side effects include constipation and a decrease in mineral absorption by the body

  9. Antacids (cont.) • There are also brands that use combinations of these four basic bases in their product • Antacids can also contain ingredients like simethicone, an anti-foaming agent, to relieve gas • Antacids are meant only for occaisional use; prolonged use can be damaging to the stomach and digestive system

  10. Sources • http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/stomach/parietal.html • http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/890415/the_four_common_types_of_antacids_and_pg2.html?cat=68 • http://www.faqs.org/health/topics/50/Antacids.html

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