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Tokugawa Japan – 1603 to 1868

With fall of Ashikaga S hogunate , Japan falls into a period of C ivil War Unification of Japan began in the mid-sixteenth century with the 3 Great Unifiers. Tokugawa Japan – 1603 to 1868. Seized the imperial capital in 1568

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Tokugawa Japan – 1603 to 1868

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  1. With fall of Ashikaga Shogunate, Japan falls into a period of Civil War • Unification of Japan began in the mid-sixteenth century with the 3 Great Unifiers Tokugawa Japan – 1603 to 1868

  2. Seized the imperial capital in 1568 • Consolidated his rule throughout central Japan by defeating rival clans • Killed by one of his generals in 1582 Oda Nobunaga

  3. Built capital at Osaka and expanded power to Southern Japan • Though he conquered most of Japan he left rule to local daimyo, thus centralization of power was not realized • Died in 1598 ToyotomiHideyoshi

  4. Consolidates power around Tokyo and expands it • Named himself shogun • Brought daimyos under his authority • Evicted all missionaries in 1612 Tokugawa leyasu

  5. Unification of Japan occurred at the same time as the coming of Europeans • Japanese began to use firearms in battle and began to build castles • Missionaries were able to convert several thousand southern Japanese to Christianity • Evicted missionaries and then 90% of all foreign merchants Tokugawa Japan

  6. Osaka Castle

  7. Political: limited power of Daimyos and figure head status to Emperor • Economic: rise of capitalism, growth of cities, trade and industry. Banking flourished as did the use of paper money. In the countryside, peasants are still bound to the land by their landowners Tokugawa Japan

  8. Emergence of nuclear family as basic unit of society (similar to China) • Use of primogeniture • Children of Samurai class study Confucian texts • Social: very strict, samurai cease to be a warrior class and move toward an aristocratic status, rise of merchant class • Social classes are warriors, artisans, peasants, and merchants – class was hereditary Village Life

  9. Rise of literature and poetry, architecture, and woodblock print Tokugawa Art

  10. Korea has been profoundly influenced by China and Japan because of its location. • China controlled area until decline of Han led to formation of the 3 kingdoms Korea

  11. Kingdoms were bitter rivals and began to absorb Chinese culture and traditions • Silla would emerge has having the greatest internal cohesion because it was the farthest from China and eventually forced the Chinese to withdrawal from the are past the Yalu River. • The Silla unify the peninsula, make Buddhism the state religion, Chinese language and architecture was official. • After the assassination of the King of Silla in 780, the country fell into civil war The Three Kingdoms

  12. The Silla Dynasty

  13. New kingdom arose in the North and adopted Chinese political institutions • Civil Service examination used • Agriculture is prime source of wealth • Buddhist monasteries were built and an increase in printing • Lasted 400 years The Koryo Dynasty

  14. The Yuan Dynasty (Mongols) conquered Korea and made it a tributary • Forced Koreans into corvee labor to build ships for invasion of Japan • Koryo only survived by accepting Mongol authority. When Mongols declined so did the Koryo dynasty. • The rise of Ming brought Koryo’s collapse and the rise of the Yi dynasty in 1392 Mongol invasion in Korea

  15. New capital of Seoul • Wholesale adoption of Chinese institutions and values • Focus on Confucian classics • Developed a phonetic alphabet • Not much contact with European merchants and missionaries • Invaded by Japan under Toyotomi and pledged allegiance to Qing dynasty in 1630s Yi Dynasty

  16. Nation began to form around 200 BC • Absorbed into the Han dynasty • Heavy taxes lead to a revolt by the Trung Sisters (widowers of nobles executed by Chinese). Brutally suppressed • Chinese intermarried Vietnamese and formed a Sino-Vietnamese ruling class • For over 1000 years Vietnam was part of China Vietnam

  17. Overthrew Chinese rule during the Tang dynasty and created state called the Dai Viet (Great Viet) • Expanded territory southward establishing agricultural settlements • Fought and defeated the Chinese under the Song, Yuan, and Ming dynasties • Adopted much of Chinese administrative structure including Buddhism The Rise of the Great Viet in 1100

  18. Temple of Literature – 1076 (university)

  19. One Pillar Pagoda

  20. Landed aristocrats are replaced by scholar-gentry because of Examination System • Vast majority of Vietnamese were peasants • Confucian concept of family took hold • Women granted rights in 1460 • Trung Sisters were heralded in Vietnamese literature Viet Culture

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