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Six Sigma Measurement

Six Sigma Measurement. Yield and Defects. Probability. of Yield. Probability. of Defects. USL. LSL. Target. Value. The Normal Curve. s. s. s. s. s. s. m. s. s. s. s. s. s. +1. -6. -5. -4. -3. -2. -1. +2. +3. +4. +5. +6. s. s. 68,26 %. s. s. 2. 2. 95,46 %.

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Six Sigma Measurement

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  1. Six Sigma Measurement

  2. Yield and Defects Probability of Yield Probability of Defects USL LSL Target Value

  3. The Normal Curve s s s s s s m s s s s s s +1 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 s s 68,26 % s s 2 2 95,46 % s s 3 3 99,73 % s s 4 4 99,9937 % s s 5 5 99,999943 % s s 6 6 99,9999998 %

  4. Let “X” be the quality characteristic of interest and (Length/Thickness/Temperature/Pressure etc.) USL = Upper Specification Limit LSL = Lower Specification Limit T = Target Value m = Process Average s = Process Standard Deviation X = Estimate of m s = Estimate of s Statistical Interpretation of Six Sigma

  5. Calculation of Sigma level - When Process is Centered USL - T SIGMA LEVEL (Z) = s OR T - LSL SIGMA LEVEL (Z) = s L Mean = T U

  6. Calculation of Sigma level When Process is Centered Closer To LSL X - LSL SIGMA LEVEL (Z) = s L Mean T U

  7. Calculation of Sigma level When Process is Centered Closer To USL USL - X SIGMA LEVEL (Z) = s L T Mean U

  8. Calculation of Sigma level There is only Upper Specification Limit (USL) USL - X SIGMA LEVEL (Z) = s Mean U

  9. Calculation of Sigma level There is only Lower Specification Limit (LSL) X - LSL SIGMA LEVEL (Z) = s L Mean

  10. The Normal Curve wit Different Sigma Levels S = 2 (SIX SIGMA Quality Level) S = 3 (FOUR SIGMA Quality Level) S = 4 (THREE SIGMA Quality Level) USL = 1322 1298 = LSL USL = 1310

  11. SIGMA (s) QUALITY LEVELS (DPMO) SIGMA LEVEL DPMO 1 6,97,700 2 3,08,537 3 66,807 4 6,201 5 233 6 3.4

  12. Converting Yield to Sigma Level Without Shift

  13. Opportunities for Defect DPMO • MEANS DEFECTS PER MILLION • OPPORTUNITIES • IS TRANSLATED INTO A SIGMA • NUMBER

  14. Defects/Opportunity & Defect/Million Opportunity Number of Defects Formula = # of Units x # of opportunities Example 319 Defects, 1150 Items, 15 defect opportunity 319 defects on joints Formula = 1150 Units x 15 opportunities/joist = 0.018 DPO = 0.018 x 106 = 18,000 DPMO

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