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Egypt: “The Gift of the Nile”

Egypt: “The Gift of the Nile”. Irrigation Papyrus – paper, mats, sandals, rope, baskets, boats Fish Waterfowl Transportation Animals. Impact of Geography. Fertile Nile River Marshy Nile Delta (silt, plentiful vegetation and animals)- Lower Egypt Deshret – “Red Land”- Sounds like

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Egypt: “The Gift of the Nile”

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  1. Egypt: “The Gift of the Nile” Irrigation Papyrus – paper, mats, sandals, rope, baskets, boats Fish Waterfowl Transportation Animals

  2. Impact of Geography • Fertile Nile River • Marshy Nile Delta (silt, plentiful vegetation and animals)- Lower Egypt • Deshret – “Red Land”- Sounds like • Upper Egypt- Higher Elevation • The Wild Nile- Rapids, Flooding

  3. Unification of Upper and Lower EgyptKing Menes aka Narmer

  4. Old Kingdom (2,700-2,000 BCE) • Centralized Powers • Strong Pharaohs • Theocracy • How do we know so much?

  5. Hieroglyphics • Rosetta Stone 1799 • Found by Napoleon’s troops • Greek, Hieroglyphics & Demotic

  6. Religion • http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/gods/story/main.html • Theocracy – king is seen as God – incarnation of Ra • Polytheistic • Book of the Dead

  7. Pyramids • important for “ka” of the pharaoh (continues to bless Egypt) • Built during the Old Kingdom

  8. Mummies!

  9. Isis & Osiris • Osiris – Underworld, Vegetation, Fertility • Isis – Motherhood, Queens

  10. Power of the Nile • Trade • Travel • Flooding

  11. Necessary Technology • Irrigation Systems • Dams • Shadoof

  12. Scientific Advancements • Calendar- 365 days, 12 months, 30 days • Medical- slings, heart rate by pulse, surgery, wound care

  13. Social Classes

  14. The Middle Kingdom (2,040- 1,640 BCE) • Prosperity • Taxes for Building Projects

  15. The New Kingdom • Expansion of religious participation (commoners) • Expansion of borders • Increased building of temples and monuments

  16. Ahmose 1600 BC • Overthrows Hyksos • Restoration of Egyptian trade & culture • Takes name “Pharaoh” • Pharaoh = “Great House”

  17. Hatshepsut 1480 BC • Crowned herself pharaoh (first woman) • Regent for Thutmose III • Beard – symbol of power

  18. Thutmose III 1400’s BC • Expansion to the Euphrates • *** Empire • **Cultural Diffusion with Mesopotamia

  19. Ramses the Great 1200’s BC • Temples & monuments • Peace treaty with Syria • Pharaoh of the Moses story

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