Design Unit Test Review

1. Design UnitTest Review Elements & Principles

2. What are the 5 Elements? • Space • Line • Texture • Form • Color

3. Elements of Design: Colour p.407-425

4. Colour Colour has symbolic differences from culture to culture • Europe & North America: Brides wear white • India & China: Brides wear red • America: Black is for mourning • Africa: Black symbolizes strength • China: Black indicates joy

5. Colour Colour & Mood • Colour influences how people feel • It can be used to create a certain mood [ex: red may make you feel bold or excited] • Colour can make a room feel cool (blues & greens) or warm (reds & yellows) • The colours you choose will depend on how you use the room

6. Colour Colour & Optical Illusions • Things appear closer with warm colour and farther with cool colours • Bold & bright colours will cause objects to stand out more than pale colours

7. Colour The Colour Wheel: Primary Colours • Red, Yellow, Blue [colour “1” sections] • Equal distance apart on the colour wheel • Mixing other colours cannot create primary colours

8. Colour The Colour Wheel:Secondary Colours • Orange, Green, Violet [colour “2” sections] • Mixing equal parts of 2 primary colours makes secondary colours

9. Colour The Colour Wheel:Tertiary Colours • Created by combining a primary colour with a neighboring secondary colour [colour “3” sections]

10. The Colour Wheel

11. Colour Colour Terms • Hue: the specific name of a colour • Intensity: the colour’s brightness or dullness (primary colours are the most intense) • Value: the amount of black or white in a colour • Tint: when you add white to a colour to lighten it (ex – red to pink) • Shade: when you add black to a colour to darken it (ex: blue to navy)

12. Colour More intense Hue Intensity This is orange Less Intense

13. Colour Value Tint Shade BLUE Add white Add Black

14. Colour What are Neutrals? They are not colors on the color wheel Brown, black, white, beige, etc.

15. Colour Colour Schemes See handout & textbook (p.415) to complete colour schemes

16. Colour The Impact of Colour: Cool colours (ex: blue, green, violet) give the illusion of distance Warm colours (ex: red, orange, yellow) tend to make items advance Contrasting colours (ex: red & green) make objects more defined

17. Colour p. 418-9 What must be considered before deciding on a colour scheme?

18. Colour p. 418-9 Things to consider when planning colour: Style of the room Mood of the room What effect do you want to create? Ask the client How much time will be spent in the room

19. Elements of Design Element #2: Line

20. Line Line • Marks space • Outlines form • Conveys a sense of movement or direction • One dimension: length

21. Line Lines can be… • Vertical • Diagonal • Horizontal • Curved • Our eyes will naturally follow the length of a line. Therefore, we use lines to create illusions or design effects in a space

22. Line Vertical lines • Create a sense of height • Create a sense of action

23. Line Horizontal lines: • Create a feeling of rest/relaxation • Can add length to a space

24. Line Diagonal or zigzag lines: • Create a sense of excitement • Create a sense of movement or energy

25. Line Curved lines: • Create a sense of freedom • Feel natural

26. FORM October 28th 2013

27. Form • Function – what a form will be used for. Example, a beds function is a place to sleep • Aesthetic – the beauty, artistic impact, or appearance of a form

28. Form Form may be two – dimensional having length and width Like a wall Like a window

29. Form Form may also be three dimensional – having length, width and depth. • Like a coffee table

30. Form Form follows Function,Function follows Form • The FORM of the object helps the FUNCTION of the object and because of the FUNCTION of the object, the FORM will be suited to that FUNCTION. • Easy Example: A Lazy Boy Chair

31. The Elements of Design SPACE

32. Element #1 SPACE • What is space? • The three dimensional area designed by a designer • Examples: a room, a house, a restaurant, a park, etc. • A designer either fills or leaves a space open

33. Negative Space: … not to be confused with bad or undesirable space • The amount of unfilled space • Space not taken up by furniture or objects • A designer knows how much negative space is needed to make a space look and feel comfortable

34. Elements of Design Texture

35. Texture • Texture has to do with the look and feel that certain textural pieces invoke • Before you think, great this is going to be stupid consider some of the textures from your childhood • Everyone knows that colour plays a huge part in design but texture is also a large part, if it’s done right

36. Texture Texture Brick or wallpaper? • Texture is the appearance or “feel” of the surface of an object. This looks like rough bricks, however it is flat wallpaper

37. Texture • Textures can be • physically touched (TACTILE TEXTURE) • Experienced visually (VISUAL TEXTURE) • You can often predict what a surface will feel like by looking at it, however certain printing techniques can fool the eye.

38. Texture Texture & Effects • ROUGH TEXTURES: • Appear darker in colour because they absorb light • Objects may seem larger • SMOOTH TEXTURES: • Appear lighter in colour because they reflect light • Attract attention

39. ScaleBalanceProportionRhythmEmphasisUnity & Variety Principles of Design

40. Scale Principles of Design

41. There are three ways to think about scale: • Human to objects scale • Object to object scale • Object(s) to space scale

42. Scale Human Scale “Human scale refers to the relationship between the human body and its environment” – C. Colli Interior spaces that are excessively large make us, the humans interacting with the space, feel small. Ex: an oversized hotel lobby. On the contrary, spaces that are too small make us feel large. Ex: a small child’s playroom.

43. Scale Objects/Forms to Space • Finally, we must consider the scale between the objects/forms to a space. • Furniture can be too large for a space • There can be too much furniture • There can be too much “negative space” • There can be good scale of objects to space!

44. The Principles of Design Balance

45. Balance Balance • The design principle that provides a feeling of equality • It occurs when the amount, size or weight of objects on both sides of a center point is equal or when groups of objects seem to be equal • The two main techniques for achieving balance are: • Symmetrical balance or Formal balance • Asymmetrical balance or Informal balance

46. Balance Symmetrical Balance • The arrangement of forms on one side of an imaginary central line is the mirror image of the forms on the opposite side • Symmetry conveys dignity, quiet, and a feeling of rest and calm • Applying symmetrical design is a good place to start when first working with balance but if overused, it may have a monotonous appearance

47. Balance Asymmetrical Balance • Elements on either side of an imaginary central line are unmatched, but appear to be in balance • Different sizes, forms, textures, and colors can be combined to achieve asymmetrical balance • Example, a round object can balance a square object of similar or apparently similar weight/size

49. The Principles of Design Design rules for the elements

50. Proportion #1 Proportion • The size relationships that can be found within an object • Proportions are expressed as ratios (2:3) • This principle was developed by the ancient Greeks. They discovered that some proportions are more pleasing than others