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These molecules are all found in the human body.

These molecules are all found in the human body. Water makes up a large portion of our body. Ammonia is found in urine as a waste product of breaking down proteins. Carbon dioxide is a waste product that we exhale. Biomolecules. Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic acids.

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These molecules are all found in the human body.

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  1. These molecules are all found in the human body. Water makes up a large portion of our body. Ammonia is found in urine as a waste product of breaking down proteins. Carbon dioxide is a waste product that we exhale.

  2. Biomolecules • Carbohydrates • Proteins • Lipids • Nucleic acids

  3. What is the purpose of eating food? • to extract the organic compounds need to carry out chemical reactions (breaking down of proteins, carbohydrates) in our body

  4. What did you have for breakfast?

  5. So what makes up these biomelecules?

  6. A smaller unit of molecules or monomer combines with other monomers to make a large molecule or polymer. • Mono means single • Poly means many

  7. Macromolecules • big molecules that are made up of smaller molecules

  8. Carbohydrates • Most abundant of the biomolecules • Storage and transport of energy • Sugar and starch • Structural component (cellulose in plants)

  9. Carbohydrates C,H,O hexagon shape

  10. ex: sugars (monomer) combine to form starch (polymer) glucose

  11. Proteins • Large compounds made of amino acids in a chain • Structural components of animal cells • includes enzymes that catalyze (speed up) reactions • Needed for metabolism & building muscle

  12. Proteins C,H,O,N Y shaped zig-zag

  13. Lipids • Fats, oils, waxes, & cholesterol • Energy storage • Structural component of cell membrane • insulation

  14. Lipids C,H,O long chain

  15. ex: glycerols (monomer) combine to form triglycerides (polymer)

  16. Nucleic Acids • made of nucleotides • make up and store genetic material • DNA/RNA code

  17. C,H,O,N,P

  18. ex: amino acids (monomer) combine to form protein (polymer)

  19. ex: nucleotides (monomer) combine to form nucleic acids (polymer)

  20. Dehydration Synthesis and Hydrolysis

  21. What is happening during dehydration synthesis? • Dehydrate = to remove water • Synthesis = to make something • Water molecules form

  22. Monomers combine to form polymers • + H2O

  23. What’s happening during a hydrolysis reaction? • Hydro means water • Lysis means to break apart • Water (H2O) is used to break apart

  24. Polymers break apart to form monomers • + H2O

  25. Hydrolysis reaction

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