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APUSH Review: The Second Red Scare

Explore the origins, key figures, events, and impacts of the Second Red Scare in the 1940s and 1950s, examining the fears of communism and the rise of McCarthyism. Learn about the HUAC, the Hollywood Ten, Truman's Loyalty Program, and more.

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APUSH Review: The Second Red Scare

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  1. www.Apushreview.com Everything You Need To Know About The Second Red Scare To Succeed In APUSH APUSH Review: The Second Red Scare

  2. What was the Second Red Scare? • Fear and hysteria over communism that swept the country in the 1940s and 1950s • Many individuals feared the US government was infiltrated by communists • Reasons for the 2nd Red Scare: • USSR actions after WWII in Eastern Europe • “Fall of China” in 1949 • Soviet development of nuclear weapons

  3. Red Scare in the 1940s • HUAC (created in 1945) • House Committee on Un-American Activities • Prominent member was Richard Nixon – NOT JOSEPH McCarthy! • Alger Hiss: • One-time aide to FDR • Accused of sharing 65 classified documents • Indicted and sentenced to 5 years in jail for perjury • “Hollywood Ten” • 10 screenwriters that refused to testify before HUAC; sentenced to jail • Truman’s Loyalty Program: • Truman issued an executive order (9835) for federal employees to take a loyalty oath

  4. Red Scare in the 1950s • McCarran Internal Security Bill • Passed over Truman’s Veto • Communist organizations must register with the government • McCarthyism • Seen as a demagogue • Leader that capitalizes on prejudices and false claims to gain power • Joseph McCarthy (R – Wisconson) • Accused state department officials of being communists • Downfall happened when he attacked the army • Arthur Miller’s The Crucible was an allegory to McCarthyism • Rosenbergs • Husband and wife convicted of giving a-bomb secrets to the Soviets • 2008 – Revealed that the prosecution knew Ethel was innocent

  5. Effects of the Second Red Scare • Blacklisting: • Refusal to hire certain workers (100s in Hollywood were never hired for alleged ties to communism) • Violation of constitutional rights • Remember, in times of war and crisis, individual rights decrease • Cincinnati Reds changed their name to the Cincinnati Redlegs to avoid associations with Communism • Dennis v. US (1951): • Upheld the Smith Act (1940) • Made it illegal to teach the violent overthrow of the government

  6. Test Tips • Essay Topics: • Comparing 1st Red Scare with 2nd Red Scare • 2nd Red Scare as it relates to domestic policy during The Cold War • Tips for Multiple-Choice questions: • McCarthy was NOT part of HUAC • Individual rights are limited (McCarthyism, Hollywood 10) • Good Luck!

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