G11a,b

1. G11a,b The student will explain the impact of location, climate, physical characteristics, distribution of natural resources, and population distribution on Southern and Eastern Asia

2. a. Describe the impact climate and location have on population distribution in Southern and Eastern Asia. • Climates of most of the countries in SE Asia vary depending on each country’s geography. • Nearby oceans, mountains, deserts, latitude and wind patterns affect climate.

3. a. Describe the impact climate and location have on population distribution in Southern and Eastern Asia. • India has many types of climate. • Snow and ice in the northern mountains • Some peaks are covered with glaciers and snow • Hot dry plains in the central plateau • Steamy tropical weather along the southern coast

4. a.Describe the impact climate and location have on population distribution in Southern and Eastern Asia. • Large desert borders Pakistan • Part of the Ganges Plain is humid and almost tropical • Deccan Plateau in the center of the country is more moderate with a subtropical coastal plain along the Indian Ocean

5. a.Describe the impact climate and location have on population distribution in Southern and Eastern Asia. • Most of India’s people rely on farming and agricultural work • Therefore most live along the great rivers and in the fertile river valleys • Some of the largest cities are located along the Ganges River or near the coast. • Fewer people live in the Deccan Plain in the higher center of the country

6. a.Describe the impact climate and location have on population distribution in Southern and Eastern Asia. • India’s climate is shaped by seasonal winds known as monsoons. • Blow hot, dry air across the continent from the northeast during the winter • Spring and summer, the winds come from the opposite direction and bring heavy rains from t he ocean

7. a.Describe the impact climate and location have on population distribution in Southern and Eastern Asia. • Monsoon winds can be a blessing when they bring needed rain • Monsoon rains can cause destructive flooding. • Very unpredictable • People live their lives around these winds and rains • Moderate changes allow the people to farm and use the rivers for transportation and trade

8. a.Describe the impact climate and location have on population distribution in Southern and Eastern Asia. • Same variety of climates found in China • China has nearly every type of climate • High mountains in the south cut China off from India and the moisture that might come from the Indian Ocean • The Gobi and Taklimakan desert regions in central China are harsh and dry. • Mongolia (north of China) is semi-arid • Areas to the east and south are humid and even tropical.

9. a.Describe the impact climate and location have on population distribution in Southern and Eastern Asia. • Most of China’s one billion people live in areas of the country that have the milder climates. • These areas have fertile farmland and great river valleys

10. a.Describe the impact climate and location have on population distribution in Southern and Eastern Asia. • Japan- island nation on far eastern edge of East Asia • Climate affected by ocean currents • Japan Current coming from south brings warm water to the southern and eastern coasts • Oyashio Current coming from the north cools the northern coast

11. a.Describe the impact climate and location have on population distribution in Southern and Eastern Asia. • Warmer parts of country are able to have longer growing seasons for farmers • People living in the north rely more on fishing • Japan experiences monsoon rains and even tropical hurricanes called typhoons.

12. a.Describe the impact climate and location have on population distribution in Southern and Eastern Asia. • North Korea shares a border with China • Short summers and long, cold winters (like the northeastern corner of China) • Land is mountainous • Less populated than South Korea

13. a.Describe the impact climate and location have on population distribution in Southern and Eastern Asia. • South Korea- fewer mountains and milder climate due to warm winds from the ocean • Larger population than North Korea • Many live in largest city (Seoul) • Farming more widely practiced here than in mountainous north • Vietnam- further to the southeast- warmer and tropical- • climate & geography join to create rich farm-lands where 90% of the world’s rice is grown

14. b. Describe how the mountains, desert, and water features of Southern and Eastern Asia have affected the population in terms of where people live, the types of work they do, and how they travel. India • Separated from the rest of Asia by 3 mountain ranges (Himalayan, Hindu Kush, and the Karakoram ranges) • Often called a subcontinent (division of a continent) • Broad plain between the Ganges and Indus Rivers (south of the large mountain ranges) • This land is very fertile- rivers add tons of silt to enrich the soil

15. b. Describe how the mountains, desert, and water features of Southern and Eastern Asia have affected the population in terms of where people live, the types of work they do, and how they travel. • South of the great plain is the Deccan Plateau • Farther south land gives way to a narrow tropical strip along he coast of the Indian Ocean. • Mountains have sometimes stopped invaders from the north (wanted fertile river valleys) • Some invaders were able to use natural passes through the mountains to the heart of India. • Able to establish new rulers and customs.

16. b. Describe how the mountains, desert, and water features of Southern and Eastern Asia have affected the population in terms of where people live, the types of work they do, and how they travel. • Most Indians live in major river valleys • People are moving from rural areas to cities in large numbers searching for work and better opportunities. • Rivers provide transportation, trade routes, water for irrigation, and water to supply the people in the cities. • Rivers have become easiest means of disposing of human, animal, and industrial waste. • Large cities have problems with over-crowding and air and water pollution.

17. b. Describe how the mountains, desert, and water features of Southern and Eastern Asia have affected the population in terms of where people live, the types of work they do, and how they travel. China • North of the Himalayan Mountains and across the Tibetan Plateau. • Enormous in size = great variety of climates and terrain. • Two great deserts in northern China: Taklimakan and Gobi • Few people live in these regions. • Many who do are nomads and animal herders

18. b. Describe how the mountains, desert, and water features of Southern and Eastern Asia have affected the population in terms of where people live, the types of work they do, and how they travel. • Other parts of northern and western China have climates that are more moderate- some farming is possible. • Northeast, along the Huang He River is most heavily populated area. Beijing located here • While agriculture is still common, the region is the industrial center. • Farming = most common occupation for Chinese in southeastern part of China

19. b. Describe how the mountains, desert, and water features of Southern and Eastern Asia have affected the population in terms of where people live, the types of work they do, and how they travel. • Southeastern section has the Yangtze River which flows to Shanghai, China’s largest port. • This region = site of the Three Gorges Dam- a hydroelectric project designed to bring electricity to China’s rural areas. • China’s rapid industrialization has meant that many Chinese workers have left their rural homes to find work in the overcrowded cities.

20. b. Describe how the mountains, desert, and water features of Southern and Eastern Asia have affected the population in terms of where people live, the types of work they do, and how they travel. North Korea • Less successful agriculturally due to the mountains • Fast flowing rivers provide hydroelectric power • NK earns money from the mining of coal and other minerals like copper and iron • Most people live along western half of the country where the mountains slope down to the sea and farming is more successful.

21. b. Describe how the mountains, desert, and water features of Southern and Eastern Asia have affected the population in terms of where people live, the types of work they do, and how they travel. South Korea • Less mountainous- large portion has excellent farmland • Population greater than that of North Korea • 25% of people live in or around the capital, Seoul • These people have advantages (markets, jobs, and education) that are harder to find in rural areas • Cold winters and warm summers- SK climate is milder than that of NK because of ocean winds

22. b. Describe how the mountains, desert, and water features of Southern and Eastern Asia have affected the population in terms of where people live, the types of work they do, and how they travel. Japan • 80% covered with mountains • Small percentage suitable for farming • Japanese created farmland in mountains by creating terraces, putting in irrigation channels, and using different fertilizers and farming techniques. • They have to import food for its growing population • Many volcanoes in Japan

23. b. Describe how the mountains, desert, and water features of Southern and Eastern Asia have affected the population in terms of where people live, the types of work they do, and how they travel. Japan • Often the cause of earthquakes. • Japan has more earthquakes every year than any other place in the world. • Japanese have adjusted to this threat even though earthquakes can cause considerable damage.. • Some areas have developed hot springs around the volcanic sites. • Others use the heat to warm water for people to use.

24. b. Describe how the mountains, desert, and water features of Southern and Eastern Asia have affected the population in terms of where people live, the types of work they do, and how they travel. Japan • They depend on fishing for much of their food (due to having so little farmland) • Import a lot of food from other countries • Japan also imports fuel • Have a highly developed industrial economy, but no gas or oil. • Depend on world market for petroleum products

25. b. Describe how the mountains, desert, and water features of Southern and Eastern Asia have affected the population in terms of where people live, the types of work they do, and how they travel. • Distribution of natural resources plays a major part in determining what sorts of work people do and how comfortably they are able to live. • Natural resource- something that is found in the environment that people need and can use. Ex: Fresh water, trees, rich soil, minerals, oil • Rich farmland= one of the most valuable natural resources • All southern and eastern Asian countries depend on agriculture to feed growing populations.

26. b. Describe how the mountains, desert, and water features of Southern and Eastern Asia have affected the population in terms of where people live, the types of work they do, and how they travel. • India and China have large areas of rich farmland. • However they have a difficult time producing enough food to take care of rapidly growing populations • India, China, North Korea and South Korea have good supplies of coal which is an important fuel and energy source. • However coal burning is a major cause of air pollution which is one of the greatest environmental hazards facing Southern and Eastern Asia.

27. b. Describe how the mountains, desert, and water features of Southern and Eastern Asia have affected the population in terms of where people live, the types of work they do, and how they travel. • North and South Korea have a number of mineral deposits including lead and zinc. • South Vietnam mines phosphates for export and drills for oil. • Japan has little in the way of natural resources. • Japan must depend on industry and trade to supply its population with all they need.