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The Internet Protocol

The Internet Protocol. Eliot Grove Danny Friel Stuart Anderson. OSI Model. Application. Presentation. Session. Transport. Network. Data Link. Physical. The Network Layer. Navigating data Source Destination. Internet Protocol. Numbering scheme

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The Internet Protocol

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  1. The Internet Protocol • Eliot Grove • Danny Friel • Stuart Anderson

  2. OSI Model Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical

  3. The Network Layer • Navigating data • Source • Destination

  4. Internet Protocol • Numbering scheme • Largest network of computers • American Registry of Internetwork Numbers (ARIN)

  5. What is an IP address • A way to identify machines on a network • A unique identifier

  6. IP usage • Used to connect to another computer • Allows transfers of files and e-mail

  7. IP structure • IP addresses consist of four sections • Each section is 8 bits long • Each section can range from 0 to 255 • Written, for example, 128.35.0.72

  8. IP structure • These four sections represent the machine itself and the network it is on • The network portion is assigned. • The host section is determined by the network administrator

  9. IP structure • 5 Classes of IP address A B C D and E • Class A reserved for governments • Class B reserved for medium companies • Class C reserved for small companies

  10. IP structure • Class D are reserved for multicasting • Class E are reserved for future use

  11. IP structure • Class A begins 1 to 126 • Class B begins 128 to 191 • Class C begins 192 to 223

  12. Reserved addresses • Addresses beginning 127 are reserved for loopback and internal testing • xxx.0.0.0 reserved for network address • xxx.255.255.255 reserved for broadcast

  13. IP Addresses • IP addresses are: • Unique • Global and Standardised • Essential

  14. Subnetting - Why? • Division of local networks • Greater number of networks • Simplifies addressing

  15. Network Network Host Host Network Network Subnet Host Network Network Subnet Subnet/Host Subnetting - How • Bits borrowed from host field

  16. Subnetting -Example • 130.5.0.0 - Network address • 130.5.2.144 - Host address • 255.255.255.0 - Subnet Mask • 130.5.2.0 - Subnet

  17. Where do you want to go Tomorrow? • Computer controlled dwellings • Road and rail systems • Criminal tagging

  18. The Internet Protocol • Running out!! • Upgraded to IPv6

  19. Thank you!

  20. And goodnight!

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