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Chapter 5

Chapter 5. Exercise is Medicine. Exercise is Medicine. Historically, it has been the belief that exercise is medicine. Hippocrates : “ If we could give every individual the right amount of nourishment and exercise ….we would have the safest way to health”

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Chapter 5

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  1. Chapter 5 Exercise is Medicine Chapter 3

  2. Exercise is Medicine Historically, it has been the belief that exercise is medicine. Hippocrates : “ If we could give every individual the right amount of nourishment and exercise ….we would have the safest way to health” Pioneer epidemiologist, R. Paffenbarger, Jeremy Morris, and early pioneers in sports medicine, such as Ken Cooper, all contributed research that revealed the significance of activity in reducing all cause mortality. Science has helped us to understand that exercise prevents disease and can reduce the severity of disease. Exercise, even in small doses, can significantly improve life quality and significantly reduce the risk of disease. Chapter 3

  3. Exercise is Medicine What has exercise done for you? How has exercise improved your life quality? So, how is exercise like “medicine” in your life? Chapter 3

  4. Exercise is Medicine Physical Activity : “ A behavior that occurs from skeletal muscle contraction and results in increased energy expenditure above a resting metabolic rate”. Exercise training is a subcategory of physical activity that is structured towards enhancing one of the components of fitness. The total “dose” of exercise (Volume) is more important than the specific mode Chapter 3

  5. Exercise is Medicine Physical Fitness is a set of attributes: Cardio respiratory Fitness Muscular Fitness Endurance Strength Flexibility Body Composition Those individuals who have low levels of physical fitness are the same who can make the greatest gains by participating in any attribute of physical fitness. Chapter 3

  6. Exercise is Medicine Physical activity may be used to prevent and treat disease. The study of factors influencing the health and illness in the population is Epidemiology. Thus, exercise has been studied by epidemiologists to determine the impact exercise has on changing the level of illness in the population. 1) Physical activity significantly reduces all cause mortality 2) Physical activity significantly reduces morbidly associated with sedentary lifestyle. 3) Physical inactivity (sedentary lifestyle) is the key antecedent to most chronic diseases. 4) Chronic diseases accounted for 75% of the $2 trillion health care budget in 2005. Chapter 3

  7. Exercise is Medicine Let’s Think and Discuss: (see Table 3.1, p. 23 ) What price does physical inactivity wage on QUALITY of life? How can one assess the “cost” of sedentary living? How can we help others experience the improvements in the quality of life ? Chapter 3

  8. Exercise is Medicine Selected list of “Physical Activity and Disease Risk Reduction Mechanisms” ( p. 24, text) 1) Improved body composition 2) Improved Lipoprotein profiles 3) Improved glucose homeostasis and lipoprotein profiles 4) Reduction of blood pressure 5) Improved autonomic tone (reduce rest HR, improve SVI) 6) Improve immune function 7) Reduce inflammatory factors (CVD) Chapter 3

  9. Exercise is Medicine Selected list of “Physical Activity and Disease Risk Reduction Mechanisms” ( p. 24, text) 8) Reduced risk for hemostasis 9) Reduced risk for atherogenesis and pathology 10) Improved psychological and mental functioning Chapter 3

  10. Exercise is Medicine Exercise and Cardiovascular Disease Research on Regular Exercise and CVD: 1) Improves CVD risk factors 2) Arrests and may regress CVD pathology 3) Reduces morbidity and co-morbidity of CVD 4) Reduces mortality of CVD Research on Regular Exercise and Hypertension: 1) Both acute and chronic reductions in S/DBP. 2) Higher levels of exercise prevent onset of HTN Chapter 3

  11. Exercise is Medicine Research on Regular Exercise and Diabetes: 1) Reduces the progression of disease 2) Improves glucose tolerance and uptake 3) Improves blood glucose homeostasis Research on Regular Exercise and Dyslipidemia: 1) Exercise increases HDL levels (improves HDL/LDL ration) and enhanced LPL activity 2) Reduces blood triglyceride levels 3) Best treatment plan involves dietary, exercise, and perhaps pharmacological interventions Chapter 3

  12. Exercise is Medicine Certification for Exercise Professionals (see also Table 3.2, P.29, text). ACSM Certified Personal Trainer ACSM Health Fitness Specialist ACSM Clinical Exercise Specialist ACSM Clinical Exercise Physiologist END Chapter 3

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