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Gabriel Török, Pavel Bakala, Zdeněk Stuchlík, Eva Šrámková, Jiří Horák *

On the unity of black hole and neutron star kHz QPOs. Gabriel Török, Pavel Bakala, Zdeněk Stuchlík, Eva Šrámková, Jiří Horák *.

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Gabriel Török, Pavel Bakala, Zdeněk Stuchlík, Eva Šrámková, Jiří Horák *

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  1. On the unity of black hole and neutron star kHz QPOs Gabriel Török, Pavel Bakala, Zdeněk Stuchlík,Eva Šrámková, Jiří Horák* Institute of Physics, Faculty of Philosophy and Science, Silesian University in Opava, Bezručovo nám. 13, CZ-74601 Opava, Czech Republic* Astronomical Institute, Academy of Sciences, Boční II 1401, CZ-14131, Praha 4, Czech Republic Supported byMSM 4781305903 and LC~06014 Black Holes in Kraków,17th May 2007

  2. On the unity of black hole and neutron star kHz QPOs Gabriel Török, Pavel Bakala, Zdeněk Stuchlík,Eva Šrámková, Jiří Horák* Or On the general--relativity predicted relations matching neutron star kHz QPOs Total precession "Stella" "Bursa" Supported byMSM 4781305903 and LC~06014 Black Holes in Kraków,17th May 2007

  3. Outline Presentation download: www.physics.cz/research in sect. news 1. Introduction: Quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in X-ray from the NS an BH systems - Black-hole and neutron star binaries, accretion disks and QPOs, BH and NS QPOs 2. Neutron star QPOs and some orbital models 2.1. Geodesic motion models (“blobs”) 2.2. Resonance models - 2.2.1. One eigenfrequency pair hypothesis - 2.2.2. More eigenfrequency pairs hypothesis 3. Testing frequency relations 3.0. Epicyclic resonances 3.1. Stella, Bursa, total precession and disc-oscillation relation 3.2. Fitting the data in the Hartle-Thorne metric 4. Numbers:six atolls, Circinus X-1 5. Summary, blobs and disc-oscillations 6. Bonus (just to go back to the original title) 7. References

  4. Introduction: • Quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in X-ray from the NS an BH systems Figs on this page:nasa.gov

  5. 1.1.Black hole binaries and accretion disks radio “X-ray” and visible Figs on this page:nasa.gov

  6. 1.2.X-ray observations Light curve: I t Power density spectra (PDS): Power Frequency Figs on this page:nasa.gov

  7. 1.3.Quasiperiodic oscillations power hi-frequency QPOs low-frequency QPOs frequency

  8. 1.3.kHz Quasiperiodic oscillations: BH and NS

  9. 2. Neutron star QPOs and some orbital models General belief dominating in the astrophysical community links the kHz QPOs to the orbital motion near the inner edge of an accretion disc. Figs on this page:nasa.gov

  10. 2.1. Orbital motion in a strong gravity

  11. 2.1.Geodesic motion models: orbital motion in a strong gravity Imply the existence of the periastron and nodal (Lense-Thirring) precession Stella, L. \& Vietri, M. 1999, Phys. Rev. Lett., 82, 17 related the kHz QPOs to the Keplerian and periastron precession of the blobs close to the inner edge of an accretion disc. - Relativistic precession model

  12. 2.2 Orbital resonance models Relativistic precession model (Stella, L. \& Vietri, M. 1999, Phys. Rev. Lett., 82, 17) related the kHz QPOs to the frequencies of geodesic motion (Keplerian and periastron precession of the blobs close to the inner edge of an accretion disc). Resonance model Kluzniak, W., Abramowicz, M. A., 2000, Phys. Rev. Lett. (submitted); Klu\'zniak, W., \& Abramowicz, M. A., 2001, Acta Physica Polonica B 32, 3605 [http://th-www.if.uj.edu.pl/acta/vol32/t11.htm] related the kHz QPOs to disc oscillation modes corresponding to the frequencies of geodesic motion.

  13. 2.2 Orbital resonance models • Phenomenologically, there are two possibilities in the resonance models for NS QPOs: • one eigenfrequency pair hypothesis • more eigenfrequency pairs hypothesis

  14. 2.2.1. One eigenfrequency pair hypothesis In this approach, the whole range of the observed frequencies comes from one (most likely 3:2) eigenfrequency pair, so called resonant point. Abramowicz, Karas, Kluzniak, Lee, Rebusco, Paola, 2003, PASJ...55..467A, see also M.~A. Abramowicz, D.~Barret, M.~Bursa, J.~Hor{\'a}k, W.~Klu{\'z}niak, P.~Rebusco, G.~T\"or\"ok, in Proceedings of RAGtime 6/7, Opava, 2005

  15. 2.2.1. One eigenfrequency pair hypothesis In this approach, the whole range of the observed frequencies comes from one (3:2) eigenfrequency pair, so called resonant point The model „knows“ how to unify…

  16. 2.2.1. One eigenfrequency pair hypothesis There are several good arguments supporting the approach (see, e.g., Török, Abramowicz, Kluzniak, Stuchlík 2006, proc. of Albert Einstein Conf. Paris 2005, astro-ph/0603847). Especially the existence of slope-shift anticorrelation. On the other hand, this approach has some difficulties,especially extremely large extension from eigenfrequencies. Therefore, it may be plausible to look for some other but close alternatives…

  17. 2.2.2. More eigenfrequency pairs hypothesis: motivation double peak distribution and amplitude behaviour:

  18. 2.2.2. More eigenfrequency pairs hypothesis: motivation From the double peak distribution and amplitude behaviour it appears that for a given source the upper and lower QPO frequency can be traced through the whole observed range of frequencies but the probability to detect both QPOs simultaneously increases when the frequency ratio is close to the ratio of small natural numbers.

  19. 2.2.2. More eigenfrequency pairs hypothesis From the double peak distribution and amplitude behaviour it appears that for a given source the upper and lower QPO frequency can be traced through the whole observed range of frequencies but the probability to detect both QPOs simultaneously increases when the frequency ratio is close to the ratio of small natural numbers. Therefore, the whole effect may be connected to the resonance between two modes with „floating“ eigenfrequencies, i.e., in this approach, the range of the frequencies observed in the source comes from several individual eigen-frequency pairs correponding to the different frequeny ratios and the observed frequencies do not much differ from the resonant eigenfrequencies. We have investigated a bit the question Which modes can be in the game ?

  20. 3. Testing frequency relations Figs on this page:nasa.gov

  21. 3.0Testing frequency relations: Epicyclic oscillations There is no chance to fit the observed QPO relationships by direct identifiation with epicyclic frequencies.

  22. 3.1Testing frequency relations: Stella, Bursa, total precession and disc-oscillation relation

  23. 3.2 Fitting the data in the Hartle-Thorn We consider the external rotating neutron spacetime description given by „ugly“HARTLE-THORN METRIC.

  24. 3.2 Fitting the data in the Hartle-Thorn We consider the external rotating neutron spacetime description given by „ugly“ HARTLE-THORN METRIC. We use slightly modified relations for geodesic frequencies derived by Abramowicz, M.A., Almergren, G.J.E., Kluzniak, W., Thampan, A.V., 2003 astro-ph/0312070.

  25. 4. Numbers Figs on this page:nasa.gov

  26. 4. Numbers The atoll source 4U 1636-53 (Rough “fit by eye”, in the Schwarzschild case, where the relations coincide.)

  27. 4. Numbers The atoll source 4U 1636-53

  28. 4. Numbers The atoll source 4U 1636-53

  29. 4. Numbers The atoll source 4U 1636-53

  30. 4. Numbers • 5+1 = Six atoll sources • (namely • 4U 1636-53, 4U 1608-52, 4U 1820-30, 4U 1735-44, 4U 1728-34 , 4U 0614+09) • Results for the five others are very similar to 4U 1636-53 as their data are similar…

  31. 4. Numbers • Results for the five others are very similar to 4U 1636-53 as their data are similar… • What about the completely different source ?? Six atolls Circinus X-1

  32. 4. Numbers • Results for the five others are very similar to 4U 1636-53 as their data are similar… • What about the completely different source - Circinus X-1: Stella M/M_sun j q chi_squared ******************************************************************* close to 3 0.5 0.25 14.25/8 BURSA M/M_sun j q chi_squared ******************************************************************* 2.8 0.5 0.25 14.67/8 Total precession: M/M_sun j q chi_squared ******************************************************************* 1.99 0.01 0.0001 12.38/8

  33. 4. Numbers Summary of fits by the total precesion relation for six atolls and Circinus X-1 Source M j q \chi^2/d.o.f. ****************************************************************** 0614 1.71 0.06 0.004 2.7 1728 1.56 0.07 0.005 2.9 1735 1.67 0.07 0.005 1.4 1820 1.85 0.10 0.011 9.6 1636 1.77 0.05 0.003 3.0 Cir X-1 1.99 0.01 0.0001 1.5 At the moment, we are calculating data with the last (disc-oscillation) relation - preliminary, it fits with similar or slightly better\chi^2 to the total precession and gives masses even ~5--15% lower

  34. 5. Summary, blobs vs. disc-oscillations Figs on this page:nasa.gov

  35. 5. Summary, blobs and disc-oscillations The two relations,one corresponding to the hot spot QPO interpretation and so called total precession, the other one corresponding to the disc-oscillation QPO interpretation, fits the high frequency QPOs in the discussed X-ray sources with much lower chi-square than the relation given by the relativistic precession model and also imlies lower neutron star angular momentum and mass:

  36. 6. Bonus (just to go back to the original title) Figs on this page:nasa.gov

  37. 6. Bonus (just to go back to the original title) The investigated total precession and disc-oscillation frequency relation gives the spin a ~ 0.4—0.7 when applied to the microquasar data and may in principle fit the spectral continuum spin estimates… (but the numbers do not much fully)

  38. 7. References Figs on this page:nasa.gov

  39. 7. References • Török, Abramowicz, Kluzniak, Stuchlík • 2005, A&A, 436, p. 1, www.physics.cz/research • Török, Abramowicz, Stuchlík, Šrámková, • 2006, proc. of IAU meeting, astro-ph/0610497 • Török, Abramowicz, Kluzniak, Stuchlík • 2006, proc. of Albert Einstein Conf. Paris 2005, astro-ph/0603847 • Horák, 2004, proc. of RAGtime 5, download: ADS • Abramowicz, Barret, Bursa, Horák, Kluzniak, Olive, Rebusco, Török, • 2006, proc. Of RAGtime 2005, download: ADS or www.physics.cz/research • Abramowicz, Barret, Bursa, Horák, Kluzniak, Olive, Rebusco, Török • 2006, submitted to MNRAS • Lachowicz, Czerny & Abramowicz (2006), astro-ph/0607594 • Boutloukous et al., 2006, astro-ph/0608089, ApJ, submitted • Stuchlík, Török, Slaný, Abramowicz, 2005, Physical Review D, 71 • Stuchlík, Slaný, Török, 2006, proc. of RAGtime, in ADS Presentation download: www.physics.cz/research in sect. news SLIDE UNDER CONSTRUCTION

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