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Energy in Cells: Storing Energy

Energy in Cells: Storing Energy. Herndon. Autotroph. Obtains energy from sunlight or inorganic compounds Also called a producer Uses photosynthesis to acquire food Some use chemosynthesis to acquire food- use inorganic compounds

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Energy in Cells: Storing Energy

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  1. Energy in Cells: Storing Energy Herndon

  2. Autotroph • Obtains energy from sunlight or inorganic compounds • Also called a producer • Uses photosynthesis to acquire food • Some use chemosynthesis to acquire food- use inorganic compounds • Examples: algae, blue-green bacteria, plants, and some prokaryotic organisms

  3. Heterotroph • Can’t make its own food • Gets energy from other food sources • Also called consumers • Primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer • Animals, fungi, some bacteria and some protists

  4. Photosynthesis • Process in which plants convert the energy from the sun into chemical energy • Carbon dioxide + water + sunlight  glucose + oxygen • Plants gather sunlight with pigments in the leaves that absorb sunlight • Chlorophyll is the primary pigment • Chlorophyll absorbs mostly blue and red light and reflects green light

  5. The yellow and green light reaches your eyes and that is the reason why plants look green • When a substance absorbs light, it also absorbs the energy of the light • Chlorophyll is located in the chloroplasts of a plant • Most of the chloroplasts are located in the leaves

  6. Parts of the chloroplast • Inner and outer membranes • Stroma • Granum • Thylakoid- contains clusters of chlorophyll and other pigments

  7. Light dependent stage • The direct energy of light is needed to make energy-carrier molecules that are used in the second stage • Happens in the thylakoid membrane • Energy of the light absorbed is converted into ATP and NADPH • Which are energy carriers

  8. Calvin cycle • Second stage of photosynthesis • Takes place in the stroma of the chloroplast • Can occur in the dark • Needs the products of the light dependent reaction • Carbon dioxide and energy from ATP are used to form glucose • Six molecules of carbon dioxide are used to form one glucose

  9. Factors that Affect Photosynthesis • Water • Amount of sunlight • Temperature • There is a maximum rate for photosynthesis • Enzymes needed for the reaction must be in a certain temperature range

  10. Review • Capsid is not part of a eukaryotic cell • Ribosomes are attached to the rough ER for protein production • Active transport takes energy • Carbon is in all organic compounds • Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins

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