130 likes | 465 Views
International Finance and Development (B 645) . D.K. Malhotra. Introduction to International Finance. Meaning of International Finance Multinational Firm Why study International Finance? Why Companies go Global? Modes of International Business. Meaning of International Finance .
E N D
International Finance and Development (B 645) D.K. Malhotra
Introduction to International Finance • Meaning of International Finance • Multinational Firm • Why study International Finance? • Why Companies go Global? • Modes of International Business
Meaning of International Finance • What is International Finance? A study of the institutions, policies, and practices that govern global financial management and/or financial aspects of global business • A firm that is engaged in cross-border business is defined as Multinational Corporation
Why Study International Finance? • International business distinguishes itself from domestic business due to • Exchange Rate • Cross-border Barriers • Economic barriers • Cultural barriers • Political and Legal barriers • Ethical Issues • Financing Opportunities in Global Market
Exchange Rate Risk • Changing value of U.S. dollar versus other currencies since 1973 • Declining dollar good for U.S. exporters, but bad for imports • Rising dollar good for U.S. imports/outsourcing, but bad for exports
Economic Barriers • Tariffs, Import Duties, Quota Restrictions • Restrictions on remittance of profits and repatriation of capital • Restrictions on foreign equity participation • Trading blocks
Cultural Barriers • Language • Examples of Language Barriers “Please leave your values at the desk” (France) “The manager has personally passed all the water served here” (Mexico; to assure safety of drinking water at the hotel) “You are invited to take advantage of the chambermaid” (Japan) “Ladies are requested not to have children in the bar” (Norway) “Because of the impropriety of entertaining guests of the opposite sex in the bedroom, it is suggested that the lobby be used for this purpose” (Switzerland) “We will execute customers in strict rotation.” (Greece)
Cultural Barriers Contd… • Hand Gestures • Religion • Hinduism • Islam • Judaism • Christianity • Buddhism • Significance of Religion and Values • Customs/Traditions
Political/Legal Barriers • Political Ideology • Opinions of Political Leadership • Civil disorder • External relations • Attitude towards foreign capital • Legal System
Ethical Barriers • Definition of “Ethics” in your country versus definition of “Ethics” in a foreign country • Ethics and the society • Firm’s role in education • Firm’s role in health care • Ethics and the environment
Who should study international finance? • A company that engages in global business • A pure domestic company
Why companies go global? • To seek raw material • To seek new markets • To minimize cost Overall goal, shareholder wealth maximization
Modes of International Business • Exporting • Licensing • Franchising • Joint Ventures • Direct Foreign Investment