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Developing an Online Class? Go to Disneyland. Susan Roig Director Academic Computing SunGardHE/Claremont Graduate School June, 2010. Constructivism - Type of instruction. Promotes the mental construction of the learner's reality. Instruction and manipulation The instructor
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Developing an Online Class? Go to Disneyland Susan Roig Director Academic Computing SunGardHE/Claremont Graduate School June, 2010
Constructivism - Type of instruction • Promotes the mental construction of the learner's reality. • Instruction and manipulation • The instructor • facilitates the learner's conceptual modeling. • must understand the learner's existing cognitive structures • provide appropriate learning activities that will help the learner construct his knowledge. • Use multiple real world contexts, strategies, and coaching. • Create variety of environments for the learner, so he gets to practice thinking in different ways. • The result will be a learner who is better prepared to handle different situations. • Reality to promote • The learners realities are divergent. • The learners are encouraged to develop different realities. 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Constructivism – How to design appropriate instruction? • Analyze the tools to be used by the learner and the environment in which he uses them. • Provide learners: • Objectives • The instructional objectives are negotiated with the learner. • Learner incorporates this new knowledge into pre-existing mental schema. • Learner then adjusts understanding of reality to make sense of the new knowledge. • As a result, mental schema shifts to incorporate his "new" reality. • Learning events • Learners must ask themselves the following two questions: • What do I need to know? • How will I solve it? • Evaluation • Evaluation is based on performance of learner- assessment and self-evaluation. 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Constructivism • Instruction • All answers to problems must be embedded in authentic environments. • A narrative story is used, with anchored instruction, that all answers to the questions are embedded in the story. • The learner is given a situation of visual representations, yet has to think and problem-solve to figure out how to move around the and find clues. • There is no one way to figure this out. • The learner is forced to think in multiple realities in order to figure out what is going on in this scenario. • As more information is revealed, learner weighs decisions based on the new information, then, determines the next move. • All answers to any questions about the scenario are embedded in the story. • The learner finds the information needed to answer his questions,needs no further guidance from the instructor. • Case based learning can be used in this situation. this involves real life cases. (Law schools use this method). • The learner must have all the information about the cases, then puts all the information together and uses it when relevant. • This starts the learner thinking like an expert. 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Remind Students Consistently Technology Fails;Failure Can Lead to Success • Disneyland Park was opened to the public on July 18, 1955 with only 20 attractions. • However, a special "International Press Preview" event was held on Sunday, July 17, 1955, which was only open to invited guests and the media. • ABC broadcast the event live on its network; at the time, it was one of the largest and most complex live broadcasts ever. 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Failure Can Lead to Success • The event did not go smoothly. • The park was overcrowded as the by-invitation-only affair was plagued with counterfeit tickets. • Only 11,000 people were expected to show up, but a staggering 28,154 was the eventual population. • Movie stars and other famous figures scheduled to come every two hours showed up all at once. • The temperature was an unusually high 101 °F (38 °C), The asphalt that had been poured just that morning was so soft that ladies' high-heeled shoes sank into it. • A plumbers' strike left many of the park's drinking fountains dry. Disney was given a choice of having working fountains or running toilets and he chose the latter. • disappointed guests believed the inoperable fountains were a cynical way to sell soda, since Pepsi sponsored the park's opening 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Failure Can Lead to Success • Vendors ran out of food. • A gas leak in Fantasyland caused Adventureland, Frontierland, and Fantasyland to close for the afternoon. • Some parents were seen throwing their children over the shoulders of crowds to get them onto rides such as the King Arthur Carrousel. • Walt and his 1955 executives referred to July 17, 1955 as "Black Sunday". Today, cast members wear pin badges on July 17 stating how many years it has been since the 1955 opening. • But for the first decade or so, Disney officially stated that opening day was on July 18, 1955. For example, a 1967 Disneyland press release referred to July 17, 1955, as "Dedication Day" and not "Opening Day. 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
What do you want your students to know? 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
WWWD?(what would Walt do?) • Storyboard – Beginning, middle and end – storyboard guides design • Explore themes- What is it you want your student to end up knowing? What do you want student to learn? • Visualize – drawing, maps, models, pictures, simulations • Start and the end point and work backwards – World to Land to Attraction to Experience 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
“To all that come to this happy place: welcome.” Disney 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Learning event; The BeginningWWWD? - Main Street • An orientation – A safe place to return to • Reward with exploration • See what is to come • Objective in site • Make choices in relaxed space • Only way to enter and the only way to exit Trivia question #1: What year is Main Street set? 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Objectives WWWD? - Weenies "What you need is a weenie, which says to people 'come this way.' People won't go down a long corridor unless there's something promising at the end. You have to have something the beckons them to 'walk this way.‘“ Walt Disney, 1954 #2 Where is Disney’s private apartment located? 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Add Weenies • Disney was a marketing genius he found endless, ways to promote his products created a blueprint from which designers can borrow. • One of Walt's ideas: The weenie! • a visual magnet; something that draws people from one area to the next. • A weenie makes a promise, creates mystery and excitement, and motivates crowds to move deeper into the experience. • The term reportedly came from a boyhood memory of luring a dog home by dragging a wiener on a string. 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Weenies • The most obvious weenie is Sleeping Beauty’s Castle, which draws Magic Kingdom visitors down Main Street, USA and into the heart of the park. #3 How tall is Sleeping Beauty Castle? 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Weenies Having been pulled to the center of the Magic Kingdom by the striking 189-foot-tall castle, theme park guests are then propelled deeper into the corners of the park by views of the towering Matterhorn, Thunder Mountain and Space Mountain. 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
How weenies work Attract attention to objectives Provides navigational reference point. Where you’re going where you’ve been. Provides a choice between long term and short term goals Provides opportunities for picture spots. 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Enhancing Weenies Encourages Activities • Provides a goal to obtain • Enhances goal and adds drama • Provides an opportunity to backtrack and change direction adding to information Trivia question #4: What year is Tomorrowland set? 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Learning events WWWD? -Advertise along the way • Design activities for locations not just a destination • Reward learners for getting there, foreshadow potential “dangers” • Provides excitement about options 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Learning events; Freedom of ChoiceWWWD? Paths to Exploration Obvious path Explore Path Expedient Path #5 What Happened June 14, 1959? 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Power of path– illusion of freedom 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Exploration Leads to Discovery 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Be Consistent 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Take a ride; Apply it to Learning 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Pathway = Promote the mental construction of the learner's reality 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Continue Path – Encourage learning by discovery: Provide directions along path – text, images, sounds. Let discovery happen lead to what you want student to know. Don’t just tell 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Continue on Path- Create a variety of environments for the learner, to practice thinking in different ways #6 How many attractions feature skeletons or skulls? 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Tutorial Section - Use multiple modalities, contexts, strategies, and coaching. May not read or watch tutorial – Continue down path 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Instructor facilitates the learner's conceptual modeling Map out what is to be discovered – provide help along the way allow for discovery. 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Provide guidance - students have the opportunity to establish, test, and rework Patterns and Connections as they "make meaning" out of learning situations. 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Make first goal easy to achieve 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Use scenarios to enforce learning 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
… bring learners to where you the instructor want the student to end up…THE GIFT SHOP #8 Name two things not sold at Disneyland 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Now …Can it be done in Sakai? • Tools to use 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Trivia Questions Answers • 1910 • Above the fire station on Main Street – Everyone knew when he was there because of the light left on in the window. When he died the light stays on in his memory. • 77 feet looks taller due to forced perspective. It is also trimmed in 22 karat gold to glitter even on cloudy days. • 1986 • Vice-President Nixon became the first passenger on Disney’s Monorail. • 12 • 70 feet tall, 450 branches, 6000 leaves • Gum and alcohol (cigarettes too) 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010
Susan Roig Director Academic Computing Claremont Graduate University/SungardHE Survey please submit surveyhttp://www.surveymonkey.com/s/sakai10 11th Sakai Conference - June 15-17, 2010