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The Cell Cycle: A closer look!

The Cell Cycle: A closer look!. Biology 12. Funny?. Review (from last Class):. Which stage is longest?. Interphase. Aka the resting phase (but not really…) Essentially, the cell is in between divisions and is carrying out maintenance activities of the cell Made up of 3 sub-phases:

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The Cell Cycle: A closer look!

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  1. The Cell Cycle: A closer look! Biology 12

  2. Funny?

  3. Review (from last Class):

  4. Which stage is longest?

  5. Interphase • Aka the resting phase (but not really…) • Essentially, the cell is in between divisions and is carrying out maintenance activities of the cell • Made up of 3 sub-phases: • G1 phase • S phase • G2 phase

  6. Interphase: G1phase • 1st growth phase • Cell mature by making more cytoplasm & organelles • Cell carries on its normal metabolic activities, such as synthesising proteins

  7. Interphase: S phase • Synthesis stage • DNA is copied or replicated Two identical copies of DNA Original DNA

  8. Interphase: G2 phase • 2nd Growth Stage • Occurs after DNA has been copied • All cell structures needed for division are completed (e.g. centrioles) • Both organelles & proteins continue to be synthesized

  9. Mitosis • Aka karyokinesis • Division of the nucleus • Only occurs in eukaryotes • Made up of 4 phases: • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase

  10. Mitosis: prophase • Early prophase: • Centrioles: make spindle fibres and move towards opposite plates • Chromosomes shorten and thicken (now visible under a microscope) • Late prophase: • Centrioles reach poles • Nuclear membrane (envelope) & nucleolus start to disappear

  11. Mitosis: Metaphase • Spindle fibres attach to centromeres • Sister chromatids (doubled chromosomes) line up at equator (middle of cell) • Guided by spindle fibers

  12. Mitosis: Anaphase • Centromeres divide in two • Spindle fibers contract and pull sister chromatids towards opposite ends of cell (pole) • Each pole (future daughter cells) will have an identical set of chromosomes

  13. Mitosis: telophase • Sister chromatids at opposite poles • Spindle disassembles • Nuclear membrane forms around each set of sister chromatids • Nucleolus reappears • Chromosomes loss their distinct outlines reappear as chromatin

  14. In pictures: • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase

  15. Cytokinesis: • Means division of the cytoplasm • Division of cell into two, identical halves called daughter cells • Would this happen the same way in plants and animal cells? Why or why not? • In plant cells, cell plate forms at the equator to divide cell • In animal cells, cleavage furrow forms to split cell

  16. Cytokinesis Cleavage furrow in animal cell Cell plate in animal cell

  17. Helpful hint? • Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase • Cytokinesis IPMATC

  18. Amimation: • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AhgRhXl7w_g&feature=fvsr

  19. To do: • Mitosis colouring sheet • Labelling sheet • Nelson Bio 11 Book • #1 to 9

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