World War I -- America on the Homefront: "The Poster War"

1. World War I -- America on the Homefront: "The Poster War"

2. War Mobilization

3. 1. Enlistment

4. Uncle Sam—He the Man!

5. Don’t Mess with the U. S.

6. “Huns Kill Women and Children!”

7. 1917 – Selective Service Act Authorized a draft of young men into military service By end of 1918 – 24,000,000 men registered for the draft. 4,800,000 men served in WW1 (2,000,000 saw active combat). African-Americans - 400,000 served in segregated units.

8. 2. Expansion of the Federal Government

9. Managing the Economy • War Industries Board – • Bernard Baruch • Oversaw entire war effort – in charge of the many gov’t administrations that regulated different parts of the economy • Controlled prices, production, and materials • Food Administration – • Herbert Hoover • Regulated food consumption, agricultural output, reduce waste • Fuel Administration – • Gasless days, daylight savings time

10. Managing the Economy (cont’d) • National War Labor Board – • W.H.Taft & Frank P. Walsh • Mediated labor disputes to prevent work stoppages • War Trade Board – • Licensed foreign trade and punished those suspected of trading w/ the enemy • Why would both of these things be important to the war effort?

11. Financing the War • Increased Taxes • Liberty Bonds – • Bonds purchased could be redeemed later for the money paid plus interest • Related to Propaganda effort

12. U. S. Food Administration

13. U. S. Food Administration

14. U. S. Food Administration

15. National War Garden Commission

16. U. S. School Garden Army

17. U. S. Shipping Board

18. U. S. Fuel Administration

19. U. S. Fuel Administration

20. Wartime Propaganda

21. Committee of Public Information (George Creel) • Purposes – • Unite public behind war effort • Attract men to enlist in army • Influence citizens to actively support war effort (buy bonds, conserve, etc) and put pressure on others to refrain from anything considered anti-war

22. “Remember Belgium”

23. The “Mad Brute”

24. Beat Back the “Hun”

25. The “Menace of the Seas”

26. Attacks on Civil Liberties

27. Government Excess & Threats to the Civil Liberties of Americans • Espionage Act– 1917 • Forbade actions that obstructed recruitment or efforts to promote insubordination in the military. • Ordered the Postmaster General to remove Leftist materials from the mail. • Fines of up to $10,000 and/or up to 20 years in prison.

28. Government Excess & Threats to the Civil Liberties of Americans 2.Sedition Act– 1918- it was a crime to speak against the purchase of war bonds or willfully utter, print, write or publish any disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive languageabout this form of US Govt., the US Constitution, or the US armed forces or to willfully urge, incite, or advocate any curtailment of production of things necessary or essential to the prosecution of the war…with intent of such curtailment to cripple or hinder, the US in the prosecution of the war.

29. New Social/Economic Opportunities

30. 1. Women

31. YWCA – The Blue Triangle

32. Munitions Work

33. The Girls They Left Behind Do Their Bit!

34. Women Used In Recruitment Hello, Big Boy!

35. Even Grandma Buys Liberty Bonds

36. The Red Cross - Greatest Mother in the World

37. The Red Cross Nurse

38. National League for Woman’s Service

39. 2. African-Americans

40. Opportunities for African-Americans in WW1 • War industries work • “Great Migration.” 1916 – 1919  NORTH • Enlistment in segregated units.

41. True Sons of Freedom

42. For “Colored” Men in Service

43. African-Americans on a Troop Ship Headed for France

44. 3. New American Immigrants

45. The “Flag of Liberty” Represents All of Us!

46. We are ALL Americans!

47. OVER THERE!WWI Anthem