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What is HIV&AIDS?

Learn about how HIV affects the immune system, symptoms of HIV & AIDS, treatment options, prevention, and living with the condition. Understand the difference between HIV & AIDS and how to protect yourself. Discover the global impact of HIV, how it is spread, diagnosed, and managed with antiretroviral therapy.

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What is HIV&AIDS?

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  1. Whatis HIV&AIDS? Social Support Foundation (SSF) AdwoaSerwaaBonsuand Larissa Bolliger October 2016

  2. Whatisthe immune system? • The immune systemisthebody’sdefenseagainstinfectionsandillness • Itismade out ofcells, proteins, tissues, andorgans • A T cell is a type of white blood cell that is of key importance to the immune system • T cells are like soldiers who search out and destroy the targeted invaders • But why is it important in connection with HIV&AIDS? Source: http://kidshealth.org/en/teens/immune.html http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=11300

  3. Whatis HIV? • HIV = human immune deficiencyvirus • HIV destroysthe immune system; the T cell • HIV multiples itself in the T cellandgoes on toothers • ->thebodycan’tfightinfectionsproperlyanymore Source: http://kidshealth.org/en/kids/hiv.html https://www.aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/hiv-aids-101/what-is-hiv-aids/

  4. Whatisthedifferencebetween HIV&AIDS? • A personwhoisinfectediscalled HIV positive, but doesn’tfeel sick (yet) • HIV destroysmoreandmore T cellsuntilthepersondevelops AIDS, thenthepersonstartstofeel sick • AIDS = acquired immune deficiencysyndrome Source: http://kidshealth.org/en/kids/hiv.html https://www.aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/hiv-aids-101/what-is-hiv-aids/

  5. WhatarethesymptomsofHiv&AIDS? HIV AIDS Rapid weight loss Recurring fever or profuse night sweats Extreme and unexplained tiredness Prolonged swelling of the lymph glands in the armpits, groin, or neck Diarrhea that lasts for more than a month Sores of the mouth, anus, or genitals Pneumonia Red, brown, pink, or purplish blotches on or under the skin or inside the mouth, nose, or eyelids Memory loss, depression, and other neurologic disorders Premature menopause Prolonged coughing • Fever • Chills • Rash • Nightsweats • Muscleaches • Sore throat • Coughing • Fatigue • Swollenlymphnodes • Mouthulcers Source: https://www.aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/hiv-aids-101/signs-and-symptoms/

  6. Howmanypeoplearelivingwith HIV? • Worldwide in 2015 • 36.7 million people globally were living with HIV • 2.1 million people became newly infected with HIV • 1.1 million people died from AIDS • Ghana in 2015 • HIV prevalence in Ghana: 1.6% • HIV prevalence in the Ashanti-Region: 2.7% • HIV prevalence in Obuasi – pregnantwomen: 4.0% Sources: http://aidsinfo.unaids.org/ http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/fact-sheet http://3news.wired.com.gh/greater-accra-tops-in-hiv-ranking/

  7. Howishivspread? Source: http://www.nerdynaut.com/medicine/what-you-need-to-know-about-hiv

  8. Howishivnotspread? Source: http://www.nerdynaut.com/medicine/what-you-need-to-know-about-hiv

  9. Howis HIV diagnosed? • The bloodorsalivaisusedtotestfor HIV, after that a secondtestisdone (confirmationtest) • For a personlivingwith HIV, regularbloodtestsaredoneto check, howmany T cellsareleft = viral load (riskestimationof AIDS development) Source: http://kidshealth.org/en/kids/hiv.html https://www.aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/hiv-aids-101/what-is-hiv-aids/

  10. Howis HIV treated? • HIV can be treated, but HIV can not be cured -> management of opportunistic diseases • The treatmentis a combinationofmedicinescalled antiretroviral therapy (ART) • ART prevents HIV ofmultiplyingitself -> protectsthe immune system • ART can… • control the virus so that you can live a longer, healthier life • reduce the risk of transmitting HIV to others • Special ART forpregnantwomen, tolowertheriskofmother-to-child-transmission • ART isavailable at theGovernment Hospital in Obuasi (Amangoase) Source: https://www.aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/just-diagnosed-with-hiv-aids/treatment-options/overview-of-hiv-treatments/

  11. How do peoplelivingwithhivpreventopportunisticdiseases? • Avoid the exposure of infections: • Cat litter and excreta or saliva of farm animals, wild animals, and pets • Animal bites and scratches • Persons with skin infections • Raw meats, eggs, and shellfish; unwashed raw fruits and vegetables • Unpasteurized dairy products • Drinking untreated lake or river water • Human fecal-oral contact • Drugs, alcohol and tobacco • Other sexually transmitted diseases Source: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1529727-overview#a2

  12. Howcan i protectmyselfagainst an Hiv-infection? • A abstinence • B befaithful • C use a condom Source: http://aids.md/aids/index.php?cmd=item&id=264

  13. Living with HIV&AIDS • People livingwith HIV havetotakemedicineseverydayandhavetogotoroutinelycheck-ups • With proper treatment, livingwithoutdeveloping AIDS ispossibleformanyyears • Ifyouknowsomebodylivingwith HIV&AIDS, treatthemaseveryotherfriendorfamilymember Source: http://kidshealth.org/en/kids/hiv.html https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRLNzkRRdez3CGo_XyVgZHtYDZBTgGNoybJp3KuwRh_kL4tfMRf

  14. Towards a worldwithouthiv&AIDs • Help ustofightagainst HIV&AIDS andtellyourfriendsandfamilymemberswhatyoulearnedtoday! • Ifyouhaveanyquestionsorconcerns, pleasecontactus: • Larissa Bolliger: 0560624884 • projects@ssfghana.org • Louis Acheampong (Executive Director SSF): 0244605165 Source: http://www.socialworkblog.org/wp-content/uploads/WorldAidsDay.jpg

  15. Thankyouverymuchfor your attention!Socialsupportfoundation (SSF)

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