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Optimizing Ventilation in Intensive Care: PHARLAP Study Overview

Learn about protective ventilation strategies, permissive hypercapnia, and staircase recruitment maneuvers. Understand the PHARLAP trial by Hodgson et al. for advanced care.

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Optimizing Ventilation in Intensive Care: PHARLAP Study Overview

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  1. Difficult ventilation Craig Hore Intensive Care ASH

  2. Check patient • ETT and suction • Tubing • Examine – bronchospasm; tension pneumothorax; raised IAP • Patient position • Patient compliance with ventilator • Sedation / NMJB

  3. The ventilator

  4. Protective ventilation

  5. Lung protective strategy

  6. Permissive Hypercapnia Alveolar Recruitment Low Airway Pressure A Randomised Controlled Trial Of Staircase Recruitment Manoeuvres, High PEEP And Low Airway Pressure (PHARLAP) Carol L. Hodgson, Alistair Nichol, David Tuxen, Jamie Cooper, Michael Bailey, Jenny Keating, Anne Holland, David Pilcher, Andrew Westbrook, Andrew Davies, and Andrew Hilton

  7. Permissive Hypercapnia • FiO2 - aim SpO2 88 - 92% • Low tidal volume ~ 6ml/kg (ideal body weight) • Accept PaCO2 ≤ 70 (or pH ≥ 7.1)

  8. Low Airways Pressure • Pressure control mode vs volume control mode • Pplat ≤ 30 cmH2O • Pmax ≤ 35 cmH2O

  9. PEEP

  10. PEEP The first point of the PEEP PV curve corresponds to the increase in EELV induced by PEEP (∆EELV). On this example, the recruitment induced by PEEP is measured at a pressure of 20cmH2OMathematical model of the pressure–volume (PV) curve. PV curves

  11. Alveolar Recruitment

  12. Staircase recruitment • PCV 15 ± 3 • Start at PEEP 10 cmH2O • Step up: PEEP 20 / 30 / 40 for 2 mins • Step down 2.5 cmH2O for 3 mins

  13. Staircase recruitment • Haemodynamically unstable • Oxygenation worsens • What PEEP to leave at?

  14. Ask for help • SRC • Local intensivist • MRU consultant • ECMO

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