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Section 1 Objectives

Section 1 Objectives . Summarize the methods African nations used to gain independence Compare the nationalist movements in France and Belgian colonies with those in British colonies . African nations achieved independence after WWII Section 1 (pgs. 807-813).

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Section 1 Objectives

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  1. Section 1 Objectives • Summarize the methods African nations used to gain independence • Compare the nationalist movements in France and Belgian colonies with those in British colonies

  2. African nations achieved independence after WWIISection 1 (pgs. 807-813) • Independence came quickly to the nations of Sub-Saharan Africa • Most nations achieved peace peacefully • Some did not instead there was war and violence • South Africa and Apartheid caused considerable unrest and sparked international protest

  3. Section 2 Objectives Review the common problems African nations faced Discuss how the superpower rivalries between the United States and the Soviet Union affected African nationalism Describe the revival of African culture

  4. The new African nations faced various problems Section 2 (pgs. 813-820) • The most pressing need for the new African nations were developing a sense of national unity • In Nigeria a civil war broke out between Biafra and the central government • Intervention by foreigners complicated the development of national unity • Economic uncertainty also plagued the new nations • Despite these problems the people of Africa made great strides toward a cultural awakening

  5. Section 3 Objectives • Compare the nationalist movements of Iran, Turkey, Egypt, Israel and Algeria • Outline the cause and effects of the Suez crisis

  6. The nations of the Middle East won their Independence Section 3 (pgs. 816- 820 • After WWII, Iran eliminated Soviet and British influence • Turkey resisted Soviet pressures • The republic of Israel was proclaimed in 1948 • Israel defeated the Arabs in a war that followed • Algeria gained independence from France in 1962 • In 1965 Nasser’s Egypt seized the Suez Canal, Great Britain, France and Israel invaded but later withdrew

  7. Section 4 objectives • Review how the Middle Eastern problems of Israel’s existence and Palestinian rights affected OPEC’s relationship with the western world • List the reasons for and effects of Iranian revolution

  8. Wars, oil, and revolution changed the Middle East Section 4 (pgs. 820-825) • In the Six-day War (1967), Israel defeated the Arabs and gained territory • After a 4th war between the 2, there was an intense effort to achieve peace in the Middle east • Negotiation between Egypt and Israel led to signing a peace treaty in 1979 • The formation of OPEC gave oil producing nations economic power and bargaining strength • In Iran, revolutionaries overthrew the shah and established an Islamic Republic • Relations with the US were strained when Iranian militants seized American hostages in 1979 • An international slump in oil prices in the 1980s created economic problems for OPEC nations

  9. Section 5 objectives • Summarize how modernization and industrialization in the Middle East have conflicted with traditions in the region

  10. A struggle between old and new ways plagued the Middle East Section 5 (pgs. 825-827) • Political and economic transformation brought great social change to the Middle East • A dramatic rise in population • The large number of young people increased the need for schools and teachers • In general Middle eastern societies continued to be male dominated • Improvements in women’s status were made after 1945 • A reaction to this rapid modernization was to turn to Islamic fundamentalism

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