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E. Hatziyanni, N. Lampadariou, P.N. Polymenakou & A. Tselepides

Meiofaunal community structure of the Deep Hypersaline Anoxic Basins in relation to their extreme environmental characteristics. E. Hatziyanni, N. Lampadariou, P.N. Polymenakou & A. Tselepides. Institute of Marine Biology of Crete, Heraklion Crete, Greece. IMBC involvement.

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E. Hatziyanni, N. Lampadariou, P.N. Polymenakou & A. Tselepides

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  1. Meiofaunal community structure of the Deep Hypersaline Anoxic Basins in relation to their extreme environmental characteristics E. Hatziyanni, N. Lampadariou, P.N. Polymenakou & A. Tselepides Institute of Marine Biology of Crete, Heraklion Crete, Greece

  2. IMBC involvement WP 3: Analysis of the species diversity, community structure and phylogeny of micro-organisms and meiofauna in Mediterranean Deep Hypersaline Anoxic Brines (DHAB) • Methodology/work description • Meiofaunal and macrofaunal community structure (abundance, biomass, species composition and diversity) within the DHABs and along an oxic-anoxic gradient • Comparison of benthic communitiesamong the various DHABs and with those from adjacent sediments outside the influence of DHABs, as well as with those from other reduced environments • Identify specific morphpological and physiological adaptations of different meiofaunal and macrofaunal groups

  3. 100 -2 80 indiv 10 cm 60 40 20 0 Discovery L’ Atalante Urania Bannock nematodes (41-64%) foraminifera (25-50%) copepods (adults+nauplii, 4-13%) miscellaneous (2-7%) Meiofaunal abundance (0-6cm) out of DHABs 12-43 indiv 10cm-2

  4. Chl a 1.6 d sed Phaeopigments 1.2 CPE -1 μg g 0.8 0.4 0 Discovery L' Atalante L' Atalante Urania Bannock (MCAT01) (MCAT03) Chloroplastic pigments (0-0.3cm) Out of DHABs

  5. -1 μg g d sed 0 0.5 1 1.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 0 20 40 L' Atalante L' Atalante 60 (MCAT01) (MCAT03) 80 100 0 20 Chl a 40 Phaeopigments 60 80 CPE 100 Chloroplastic pigments (vertical distribution) Out of DHABs Discovery depth in sed (cm) Urania Bannock

  6. μmol CO2 day-1 ml-1 % 1.6 0,06 1.2 0,04 0.8 0,02 0.4 0 0 Discovery basin L’ Atalante basin Urania basin Bannock basin MCAT01 MCATO3 Organic Carbon (0-0.3cm, wet oxidation) Out of DHABs

  7. Discovery L’ Atalante ATAL01 ATAL02 Urania BANN01 Bannock BANN02 Other taxa (bivalves,gastropods) Typical deep sea meiobenthos Plankton Meiofauna within the DHABs

  8. 90 -2 80 70 indiv 10 cm 60 50 Discovery L’ Atalante Urania Bannock 40 MCAT02 MCATO4 MCBANN2 MCBANN1 30 20 10 plankton benthic foraminifera (allogromiidae) nematodes crustacea bivalvia (lucinidae/vesicomyidae) gastropods miscellaneous Meiofauna within the DHABs community structrure

  9. Discovery L’ Atalante 120 x104 Cholest-5-en-3β-ol 90 Cholest-5-en-3β-ol 60 30 0 120 x104 Urania Bannock 90 Cholest-5-en-3β-ol 60 Cholest-5-en-3β-ol 30 0 Time--> 5. 15. 25. 35. 45. 55. 5. 15. 25. 35. 45. 55. Cholest-5-en-3β-ol within the DHABs (Mass Spectrometry)

  10. 0 5 10 15 20 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 0 5 10 15 20 0 1 2 3 2 4 6 8 10 Out of brine Brine area Disc Atal Uran Bann Organic carbon within the DHABs % OC (wet oxidation) depth in sed (cm) Discovery L' Atalante Urania Bannock

  11. 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0 0.5 1 0 0.5 0.5 1 0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0 1 2 4 6 8 10 Out of brine (CO2 production) Brine area (CO2+CH4 production) Disc Atal Uran Bann Carbon mineralization within the DHABs μmol day-1 ml-1 depth in sed (cm) Discovery basin L' Atalante basin Urania basin Bannock basin

  12. Typical oligotrophic environment of the E.Mediterranean Food availability low levels of sedimentary chloroplastic pigments low quality of sedimentary OM Meiobenthos low standing stocks typical abyssal assemblages dominated by nematodes and foraminifera response to food supply Outside the influence of brines

  13. Extreme but not azoic conditions Presence of benthic species adapted (?) to the extreme characteristics of the basins Natural sediment traps accumulating OM and decaying organisms Nematodes Elevated values of sedimentary parameters High abundances of plankton organisms In the brines Allogromiidae foraminifera Lucinidae / Vesicomyidae bivalves, gastropods

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