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Concentration and Solubility

Concentration and Solubility. Chapter 7.2. Concentration. Dilute solution is a mixture that has only a little solute dissolved in a certain amount of solvent. Concentrated solution is one that has a lot of solute dissolved in the solvent. Changing Concentration.

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Concentration and Solubility

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  1. Concentration and Solubility Chapter 7.2

  2. Concentration • Dilute solution is a mixture that has only a little solute dissolved in a certain amount of solvent. • Concentrated solution is one that has a lot of solute dissolved in the solvent.

  3. Changing Concentration • You can change the concentration of a solution by changing the solute. • You can also change by adding or removing solvent. • Ex: para. 1 pg. 231

  4. Measuring Concentration • To measure concentration, you compare the amount of solute to the amount of solvent or to the total amount of solution. • Often the method used to describe concentration depends on the type of solution. • You can report concentration as the % of solute in solution by mass or volume.

  5. Solubility • Solubility is a measure of how much solute can dissolve in a solvent at a given temperature. • When you’ve added so much solute that no more dissolves, you have a saturated solution. • If you can continue to dissolve more solute, you still have an unsaturated solution.

  6. Working with Solubility • The solubility of a substance tells you how much solute you can dissolve before a solution becomes saturated. • Solubility is given specific solubility (water) under certain conditions (temperature).

  7. Using Solubility • Solubility can be used to help identify a substance because it is a characteristic property of matter.

  8. Factors Affecting Solubility • The solubilities of solutes change when conditions change. • Factors that affect the solubility of a substance include pressure, the type of solvent, & temperature.

  9. Pressure • Pressure affects the solubility of gases. • The higher the pressure of gas over the solvent, the more gas can dissolve.

  10. Solvents • Sometimes you can’t make a solution because the solute and solvent are not compatible. • Ex. Oil and water • For liquid solutions, the solvent affects how well a solute dissolves. • “like dissolves like” para. Pg. 233

  11. Temperature • For most solids, solubility increases as the temperature increases. • Unlike most solids, gases become less soluble when the temperature goes up. • When heated, a solution can dissolve more solute than it can at cooler temperatures. • A supersaturated solution has more dissolved solute that is predicted by its solubility at the given temperature.

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