PROTEIN

1. PROTEIN PROTEIN

2. Protein A nutrient found in all living things. It contains nitrogen and is responsible for the formation, maintenance, and repair of the body’s tissues/ It can also be used for energy. CHNO

3. Amino acids • A molecule that combines with other amino acid molecules to make proteins • 20 different amino acids are found in protein foods • Amino acids chain together to form 1000s of different proteins

4. Essential amino acid Your body makes 11, other 9 come from food. The 9 amino acid you need and your body cannot make, are ESSENTIAL amino acids Basically, it is essential that you eat food with this acid so you can treat your body healthy! OUR INES! Just like proteins! Phenylalanine Valine Threonine Tryptophan Isoleucine Methionine Histidine Leucine Lysine

5. Complete proteins • Using the knowledge of needing to eat to get essential amino acids, there are certain foods that you get the most bang for your buck! • COMPLETE proteins have all 9 essential amino acids • MEAT • POULTRY • FISH • EGGS • MILK • SOY • Gelatin is the only animal protein that is not considered a complete protein.

6. Incomplete proteins • A food that lacks one or more essential amino acids • Most plant foods are incomplete proteins when they stand alone • To be healthy, you combine a few and create a complete protein • Legumes + rice/corn/nuts= a complete protein • (can have combinations at different meals and still get the same, healthy results)

7. Foods such as beans, lentils, and peanuts are known as legumes. Basically, a legume is anything that develops seeds inside a pod

8. Create a complete protein= Grains with Legumes - sample meal: lentils and rice with yellow peppers. Nuts with Legumes -  sample meal: black bean and peanut salad. Grains with Dairy - sample meal: white cheddar and whole wheat pasta. Dairy with Seeds - sample meal: yogurt mixed with sesame and flax seeds. Legumes with Seeds - sample meal: spinach salad with sesame seed and almond salad dressing

9. Multiple Functions of Protein • Growth and maintenance • Enzymes • Hormones • Antibodies • Fluid Balance

10. Growth and Maintenanceproteins are constantly broken down and replacedcells in your intestinal tract are replaced every few daysYou need a CONTINOUS(uninterruped) supply of protein to grow and repair

11. ENZYMES • Chemical reactions that take place in every cell in your body which is made possible by these special proteins

12. Hormones • Chemical messengers that help regulate the body • Some are made from amino acids • Insulin= helps maintain the level of glucose in your blood • Thyroid hormones = regulates metabolism

13. antibodies • Proteins play a role in the immune system in the form of antibodies • They are proteins that fight disease • If you get the flu, your body makes antibodies to fight it!

14. Fluid balance • Proteins inside cells and in the bloodstream help cells to maintain the right amount of fluid

15. How much do I need? • 10 to 30 percent of your calories should come from proteins • Take your daily calorie requirement ______??????___________ • How many calories should come from protein: • Find your percentage(10) • Daily calories (2800) X .10 = 280 calories each day • Protein has four calories per gram, so divide these number by four to determine the number of grams needed

16. Excess Protein • If you eat too much, it can harm you! • Too much is hard on the digestive system • Excess protein is broken down and stored by the body as fat, which an lead to weight gain • Most healthy people do not need supplements with protein or amino acids, because they choose a variety of foods

17. Inadequate protein • Protein-energy malnutrition PEM occurs when a person dos not get enough calories and protein • One of the most common forms of malnutrition in the world! • Drug addictions and eating disorders can also lead to this

18. Vegetarians have long argued that it is possible, with careful planning, to meet daily protein requirements without consuming animal sources. • Vegetarians fall into the following groups: • Vegans: consume foods only from plant sources • Lacto-vegetarians: eat foods from plant sources and dairy products • Ovo-vegetarians: eat foods from plant sources and eggs • Lacto-ovo vegetarians: eat foods from plant sources, dairy products, and eggs • Semi-vegetarians: eat no red meat, but eat poultry and seafood

19. Plants and protein • BENEFITS: By eating more protein from plant sources, you intake less fat and have more fiber than from animal sources • DRAWBACK: May not get all of the essential amino acids. Must eat a variety of plant based proteins in order to do so. They also need to take special care to ensure adequate consumption of certain vitamins and minerals that are not supplied by a diet rich in plant sources. These nutrients include: zinc, calcium, iron, Vitamin D, and Vitamin B12. • Meatless dishes with complete proteins include rice and beans, a peanut butter sandwich, hummus on pita bread • Soybeans, quinoa, and buck wheat have complete proteins • Tofu, and soy milk add during preparation

20. Health benefits Most vegetarians enjoy health benefits from eating a diet that is generally high in fiber and low in saturated fats and cholesterol. Vegetarianism doesn’t guarantee proper nutrition. Just as every other population, vegetarians need to be mindful of fat intake and calorie intake. They also need to take special care to ensure adequate consumption of certain vitamins and minerals that are not supplied by a diet rich in plant sources. These nutrients include: zinc, calcium, iron, Vitamin D, and Vitamin B12.

28. Fava Beans

30. Cranberry Beans

32. Pinto Beans