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“The field of macroevolution embraces the excitement of seeking an understanding of the breadth of life” -Levinton

“The field of macroevolution embraces the excitement of seeking an understanding of the breadth of life” -Levinton. Taxonomic-based definition. “Evolution above the species level” Between species evolution (as opposed to within species, which is microevolution). Splitting vs. Budding. S. B.

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“The field of macroevolution embraces the excitement of seeking an understanding of the breadth of life” -Levinton

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  1. “The field of macroevolution embraces the excitement of seeking an understanding of the breadth of life” -Levinton

  2. Taxonomic-based definition • “Evolution above the species level” • Between species evolution (as opposed to within species, which is microevolution)

  3. Splitting vs. Budding S B Change in both descendants Change in one descendant

  4. X B B B X X X B X Z B X B Z B B X X B B B B B X X B X Z Z B X Z Z B B B B B Bottleneck Effect • Extreme form of Genetic Drift. • Entire population goes through this.

  5. X B X X Z X X Z Z X B B X X X Z X Z X Z Z B Z B X X X Z X B X X X Z X Z Z B B Founders Effect Extreme form of Genetic Drift

  6. Founders Effect

  7. BONOBO DISTRIBUTION

  8. What is Macroevolution? Macroevolutionary Questions: • Big Question 1: How do we establish evolutionary relationships among taxa? Specific: Who are humans’ closest relatives? www.bushorchimp.com

  9. Why are there still chimps? • Science does not say we descended from modern chimps • Does say humans and modern chimps descended from a common ancestor • The common ancestor probably had some characteristics of both species.

  10. Macroevolutionary Questions Big Question 2. What processes/factors regulate the rates of evolutionary change? Specific: Do mice evolve faster than elephants?

  11. Macroevolutionary Questions: Big Question 3: What environmental changes regulated the timing of evolutionary radiations and extinctions? Specific: Why did dinosaurs become extinct?

  12. Macroevolutionary Questions Big Question 4. Do extinctions affect the evolution of other groups? Specific: Did the Extinction of dinosaurs allow the radiation of Mammals?

  13. Macroevolutionary Questions • Big Question 5 – What ecological processes regulate diversity? Specific: Did ecology contribute to the “Cambrian explosion”?

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