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NO TURNING BACK

NO TURNING BACK. The Industrial Revolution of the 18 th -19 th Centuries. USE YER’ NOGGIN!. WHAT ARE THREE TECHNOLOGICAL ITEMS IN YOUR LIFE THAT YOU CAN’T LIVE WITHOUT?. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION. RISE OF THE MACHINES Late 1700s-Early 1800s New technologies speed up pace of life

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NO TURNING BACK

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  1. NO TURNING BACK The Industrial Revolution of the 18th-19th Centuries

  2. USE YER’ NOGGIN! WHAT ARE THREE TECHNOLOGICAL ITEMS IN YOUR LIFE THAT YOU CAN’T LIVE WITHOUT?

  3. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION • RISE OF THE MACHINES • Late 1700s-Early 1800s • New technologies speed up pace of life • Major changes in social and cultural aspects of society

  4. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION II. DIFFERENT ADVANCES • Textile • Transportation • Agriculture

  5. WHY ENGLAND? • Intersected by many rivers • Flat • Good sea access to ship goods

  6. TEXTILES LEAD THE WAY • Flying Shuttle • John Kay, 1733 • Spinning Jenny • James Hargreaves, 1764 • Water Frame • Richard Arkwright, 1771 • Cotton Gin • Eli Whitney, 1792

  7. APPLYING THE STEAM ENGINE

  8. THE STEAM ENGINE • Inventor: James Watt (1763) APPLY TO… • STEAMBOAT • Robert Fulton, 1807 • STEAM LOCOMOTIVE • George Stephenson, 1825 • FACTORIES!!!

  9. TRANSPORTATION GROWS • CANALS CONNECT WATERWAYS, CITIES • RAILROADS CONNECT MAJOR CITIES, PORTS

  10. AGRICULTURAL ADVANCEMENT • Enclosures • Seed Drill • JethroTull, 1701 • Check it out! RESULTS • Better crop yield • Longer life expectancy

  11. NOTE-ABLE Complete the map questions in your packet using the maps provided to figure out how industry affected population density!

  12. BOB-MART SELLING: Add the amount you sold your business for to the amount it was worth when you sold it. That is your final amount and the end of your business. BUYING: Subtract the price of the purchase from your original amount. List value of new business on back. After adjustment at the end of the year, add amounts of new businesses on the back to total for start of next year. NEITHER: Purgatorial stalemate. Write nothing.

  13. WHERE DO PEOPLE GO? • Factories make production cheaper, easier • Small, independent businesses go under • People forced to move to cities

  14. WHAT DO THEIR EXPRESSIONS REVEAL ABOUT THEIR CONDITIONS?

  15. WHAT DANGERS ARE APPARENT IN THESE PHOTOS?

  16. WHAT DO YOU NOTICE ABOUT THESE BOYS’ APPEARANCES?

  17. WHAT SORTS OF JOBS DOES IT LOOK LIKE THE KIDS HAVE?

  18. CHILD LABOR: PROBLEM OR GIFT? Using pages 268-272 in The Human Record, answer the following questions regarding child labor: • What are the top 3 worst parts for workers? • What were 3 big changes that need to occur to make it manageable? • How do parents feel about child labor? • How do some people defend the practice of using children in mines and factories?

  19. THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION TAKES FLIGHT Changes in Society and Culture After the Industrial Revolution (1800-1900)

  20. MANCHESTER THE BAD • Miserable living/working conditions create need for legislation • Rampant pollution • Population increases • Overuse of resources

  21. MANCHESTER THE GOOD • Cheaper, better housing • Higher wages, shorter hours • Healthier diets • Growing, prosperous middle class • Industry specialized, organized by growing cities

  22. MANCHESTER THE QUESTIONS • What if we run out of resources? Where do we go? • How do we clean up this mess? • Middle class rights? • Manchester United or Manchester City?

  23. INDUSTRIALIZATION SPREADS THE GOOD • U.S., Germany, others grow • Corporations/stocks become widespread • Women in workplace • Growing, prosperous middle class worldwide

  24. INDUSTRIALIZATION SPREADS THE BAD • Economic gap between West and rest grows immensely • Worldwide pollution • Imperialism spreads • Big middle class?

  25. Choice A: Whoever can climb the tree and get a coconut will get one. The climber can take as many as he wants, and when he comes back down he can give them to anyone he chooses or just keep them for himself. Choice B: Since some of the coconuts look like they could fall at any second, everybody could shake the tree at once. When all of the coconuts fall to the ground the people will decide amongst themselves what to do with the coconuts (i.e. who gets how many, whether they will save them or store them, etc.). Choice C: The four smartest people on the island will direct the other survivors to make a human pyramid to reach the top of the tree, with each person contributing what they can to the cause. Once enough coconuts have been gathered, the four people will distribute the coconuts based on how many each person needs.

  26. An Age of Reforms THE GOOD • New economic systems • Capitalism • Utilitarianism • Socialism/Communism • Unions form • Collective bargaining • Strikes • Push for abolition, suffrage • More focus on INDIVIDUALS

  27. An Age of Reforms THE BAD • Marxism = violence • New economic systems = future problems • Gov’ts resist unions, violence erupts • Abolition movement leads to tension, civil war

  28. Democratic Reform and Activism THE GOOD • Interest groups • Voting reform for men • Women’s Political and Social Union (1903) organizes women, women push for rights • Emmeline Pankhurst

  29. Democratic Reform and Activism THE BAD • People resort to violence • Chartists • Suffragettes • Hunger strike • Self-sacrifice • Frightening if you’re targeted • Frightening if you AREN’T targeted! • Takes 100 years!

  30. And Now, For Something Completely Different… Check out the highly educational DVD clip and listen to the lyrics to learn about suffrage!

  31. NEW TRENDS • LITERATURE: Romantic (Hugo) vs. Realist • ART: Impressionism vs. Realism • MUSIC: Baroque (Bach) vs. Classical/Romantic (Beethoven) • SCIENCE: Pasteur vs. Bacteria, Doctors vs. Dirty Surgery, Darwin vs. World Water Lily Pond (1899)

  32. Across the Ocean Latin American Revolutions of the Early 1800s

  33. THINK ABOUT THIS… IF A BUTTERFLY BEATS ITS WINGS IN BRAZIL, DOES IT CAUSE A TORNADO IN TEXAS?

  34. A Butterfly in Europe… • 1808: Napoleon takes Spain • Puts brother Joseph on Spanish throne • Portugal’s king flees to Brazil WHO RULES THE COLONIES NOW?

  35. …A Tornado in Latin America • Northern South American colonies form juntas to resist Spanish rule • Resist Spanish governments 1808-1809, then repressed • 1811: Venezuela forms new junta, Simón Bolívar leads their army

  36. SIMON BOLIVAR – MILITARY • Anyone not “working against tyranny” will be shot • Advantage shifts back and forth 1813-1817 • 1819: Uses English veterans from Napoleonic Wars • Improves performance

  37. SIMON BOLIVAR – POLITICS • Adapts objectives to get new allies • Ex.: Adds anti-slavery to interests to get Haiti on his side • Builds coalitions

  38. WINNING THE NORTH • 1819-1822: Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador liberated from Spanish rule • Bolivar makes “Gran Colombia” from all 3 • Colony struggles, fails because all have different: • Identities • Interests • Ethnicities

  39. Stormy South • José San Martín leads revolt in modern-day Argentina • Fought, learned in Peninsular Wars vs. Napoleon • 1812: Takes control of Argentine revolution that started in 1810

  40. Getting the Job Done • 1817-1818: Helps Chile win independence • 1821-22: Frees southern Peru • Gives power to Bolivar to finish the job

  41. U.S.A. CAMEO!!! • U.S. creates Monroe Doctrine (1823) • Europe stays out of Western Hemisphere • U.S. regional influence grows • U.S. gains diplomatic legitimacy

  42. NATIONALISM GRIPS EUROPE1848-1870

  43. THE N-WORD • Nationalism grips people across Europe • French revolt against new monarchy Feb. 1848 • Nationalist groups rise in nearly every European country • Over 50 revolutions in one year!

  44. Common Themes: 1848 • LIBERALISM • Representative governments • Civil liberties • Free speech • Free press • Independence • Unification

  45. HOW TO BUILD A COUNTRYITALY

  46. GIUSEPPE MAZZINI • COUNTRY: Italy (1848) • PROFESSION: Revolutionary (Leader of Young Italy) • GOAL: Independent, unified Italy • RESULT: Fails miserably, exiled

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